Observations of a regular pulse burst (RPB) at the end of a K-event are analyzed utilizing a simple geometric model and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to estimate the currents and propagation speeds of successive pulses of the RPB. The results show that the current of successive pulses is strongly overlapped and, for typical speeds of continuously propagating K-events, are unphysically large (88 kA), exceeding the currents of most strokes to ground. By default, the unphysical nature of the result, coupled with very high frequency interferometer observations of an RPB in Florida, shows that the propagation speed of the pulses is significantly faster than expected, namely ∼0.6–1.8 × 10⁸ m/s. This reduces the inferred current from 88 kA down to 6–18 kA, typical of intracloud events. The fast propagation speed of the stepping is explained by successive pulses retracing much of the path of the preceding pulses due to the successive pulses being strongly overlapped.

中文翻译：

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雷电规律脉冲群的通道发展及电参数特征

利用简单的几何模型和粒子群优化 (PSO) 来分析 K 事件结束时规则脉冲突发 (RPB) 的观测结果，以估计 RPB 连续脉冲的电流和传播速度。结果表明，连续脉冲的电流强烈重叠，并且对于连续传播 K 事件的典型速度来说，其电流非常大 (88 kA)，超过了大多数对地冲程的电流。默认情况下，结果的非物理性质，加上佛罗里达州 RPB 的甚高频干涉仪观测，表明脉冲的传播速度明显快于预期，即~0.6–1.8 × 10 ⁸  m/s。这将推断电流从 88 kA 降至 6-18 kA，这是云内事件的典型情况。步进的快速传播速度是由于连续脉冲强烈重叠而导致连续脉冲回溯先前脉冲的大部分路径来解释的。