IntroductionArtemisia absinthium L. is a well‐known medicinal, aromatic, and edible plant with important medicinal and economic properties and a long history of use in treating liver inflammation and other diseases; however, there has been insufficient progress in quality control.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the quality markers for the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities of A. absinthium based on spectrum–effect relationship analysis.Materials and methodsEighteen batches of A. absinthium from different origins were used. Chemical fingerprints were obtained by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The chemical compositions were identified by quadrupole‐Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry. Anti‐inflammatory activity was assessed by inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 and 15‐lipoxygenase in vitro and inhibition of nitric oxide release in lipopolysaccharide‐induced BV‐2 cells. Antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. The relationship between bioactivity and chemical fingerprints was then analyzed using chemometrics including gray relational analysis, bivariate correlation analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares analysis.ResultsDifferent batches of A. absinthium extracts possessed significant anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities to varying degrees. Eighty compounds were identified from A. absinthium, and 12 main common peaks were obtained from the UPLC fingerprints. P3 (chlorogenic acid), P5 (isochlorogenic acid A), and P6 (isochlorogenic acid C) were screened as the most promising active compounds by correlation analysis and further validated for their remarkable anti‐inflammatory effects.ConclusionThis is the first study to screen the quality markers of A. absinthium by establishing the spectrum–effect relationship, which can provide a reference for the development of quality standards and further research on A. absinthium.

中文翻译：

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基于谱效关系探索苦艾抗炎和抗氧化相关质量标志物

介绍苦艾L. 是一种著名的药用、芳香和食用植物，具有重要的药用和经济特性，在治疗肝脏炎症和其他疾病方面有着悠久的历史；然而，在质量控制方面还没有取得足够的进展。 目的本研究旨在探讨抗炎和抗氧化活性的质量标志物。A. 苦艾基于谱效关系分析。材料与方法十八批次A. 苦艾使用了不同来源的。通过超高效液相色谱（UPLC）获得化学指纹图谱。通过四极杆 Orbitrap 高分辨率质谱法鉴定了化学成分。通过体外抑制环氧合酶-2 和 15-脂氧合酶以及抑制脂多糖诱导的 BV-2 细胞中一氧化氮的释放来评估抗炎活性。通过 DPPH 和 ABTS 自由基清除测定评估抗氧化活性。采用灰色关联分析、二元相关分析、正交偏最小二乘分析等化学计量学方法分析生物活性与化学指纹图谱之间的关系。A. 苦艾提取物具有不同程度的显着抗炎和抗氧化活性。从中鉴定出 80 种化合物A. 苦艾,从UPLC指纹图谱中获得了12个主要共有峰。通过相关性分析，P3（绿原酸）、P5（异绿原酸A）和P6（异绿原酸C）被筛选为最有前途的活性化合物，并进一步验证其显着的抗炎作用。结论这是第一个筛选活性化合物的研究。的质量标志A. 苦艾通过建立谱效关系，可为质量标准的制定和进一步研究提供参考。A. 苦艾。