Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] is an important source of plant protein for consumers and a high-value export crop for growers across Asia, Australia, and Africa. However, many commercial cultivars are highly vulnerable to biotic stresses, which rapidly reduces yield within the season. Fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne pathogen that is a growing concern for mungbean growers globally. This pathogen causes Fusarium wilt by infecting the root system of the plant resulting in devastating yield reductions. To understand the impact of Fusarium on mungbean development and productivity and to identify tolerant genotypes, a panel of 23 diverse accessions were studied. Field trials conducted in 2016 and 2021 in Warwick, Queensland, Australia under rainfed conditions investigated the variation in phenology, canopy and yield component traits under disease and disease-free conditions. Analyses revealed a high degree of genetic variation for all traits. By comparing the performance of these traits across these two environments, we identified key traits that underpin yield under disease and disease-free conditions. Aboveground biomass components at 50% flowering were identified as significant drivers of yield development under disease-free conditions and when impacted by Fusarium resulted in up to 96% yield reduction. Additionally, eight genotypes were identified to be tolerant to Fusarium. These genotypes were found to display differing phenological and morphological behaviours, thereby demonstrating the potential to breed for tolerant lines with a range of diverse trait variations. The identification of tolerant genotypes that sustain yield under disease pressure may be exploited in crop improvement programs.

中文翻译：

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由于来源减少，镰刀菌枯萎病限制了绿豆产量

绿豆 [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var.辐射]是消费者植物蛋白的重要来源，也是亚洲、澳大利亚和非洲种植者的高价值出口作物。然而，许多商业品种非常容易受到生物胁迫的影响，从而迅速降低当季产量。尖孢镰刀菌是一种土传病原体，越来越受到全球绿豆种植者的关注。这种病原体通过感染植物的根系统引起镰刀菌枯萎，导致毁灭性的减产。为了了解镰刀菌对绿豆发育和生产力的影响并确定耐受基因型，对 23 个不同品种进行了研究。 2016 年和 2021 年在澳大利亚昆士兰州沃里克雨养条件下进行的田间试验调查了病害和无病条件下物候、冠层和产量组成性状的变化。分析显示所有性状都存在高度遗传变异。通过比较这些性状在这两种环境中的表现，我们确定了在病害和无病条件下支撑产量的关键性状。 50%开花时的地上生物量成分被认为是无病条件下产量发展的重要驱动因素，而当受到镰刀菌影响时，产量减少高达 96%。此外，还鉴定出八种基因型对镰刀菌具有耐受性。人们发现这些基因型表现出不同的物候和形态行为，从而证明了培育具有一系列不同性状变异的耐受品系的潜力。在疾病压力下维持产量的耐受基因型的鉴定可用于作物改良计划。