IntroductionPedestrians are a vulnerable group at the roadside and previous research has identified that children with DCD and ADHD are at a heightened risk of pedestrian injuries. Despite this, limited research has explored parental perspectives of the pedestrian risks faced by children with DCD and/or ADHD. Understanding parents’ perspectives provides a unique insight into the challenges children face every day and the concerns that parents perceive regarding their children’s safety as pedestrians. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore parents’ perspectives of the pedestrian risks faced by their children with DCD and/or ADHD.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 parents of primary school and early secondary school aged children with age range 7–17. The participants were divided into three groups based on their children’s conditions: DCD group (10–17 years, n = 3), ADHD group (7–13 years, n = 5), and co-occurring group (7–16 years, n = 6). All parents confirmed an existing diagnosis and completed the SNAP-IV and DCDQ as screening tools. The interviews explored parents’ perspectives regarding their children’s pedestrian behaviors, parents’ concerns and preventative measures taken to improve the pedestrian safety of their children with DCD and/or ADHD. Reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken to analyze the interviews, from which three themes were developed.ResultsThe first theme related to the challenges experienced by children at the roadside; parents emphasized the significance of structured and controlled pedestrian crossing sites, underlining their preference for designated crossings as safer options due to their heightened perceptions of risk associated with other road-crossing locations. The second theme: parental concerns and influences on children’s road safety referred to their children’s performance and safety at the roadside, leading to increased monitoring and a more protective approach to road crossing. The third theme: road safety education related to various strategies parents implemented to mitigate risks, while balancing independence and prioritizing their safety.DiscussionWhile there were commonalities in the challenges faced by children with DCD and/or ADHD at the roadside, there were also notable differences. Parents of children with DCD discussed challenges with spatial awareness and motor skills, whereas parents of children with ADHD discussed challenges with impulsivity and inattention. Parents of children with co-occurring DCD and ADHD described a complex interplay of these challenges. It is evident from the interviews that children with DCD and/or ADHD require a distinct approach to develop their pedestrian skills effectively and parents reported specific strategies they used to address the risks associated with their children’s roadside behavior. Promoting pedestrian safety for children with DCD and/or ADHD necessitates collaboration among parents, schools and local authorities to implement comprehensive measures ensuring their safety. These findings contribute to understanding parental experiences and needs, providing valuable guidance for targeted interventions and policies to enhance the road safety of children with DCD and/or ADHD.

中文翻译：

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患有发育协调障碍和/或注意力缺陷多动障碍的儿童父母的路边经历

简介行人是路边的弱势群体，之前的研究发现，患有发展性协调性障碍 (DCD) 和多动症 (ADHD) 的儿童遭受行人伤害的风险更高。尽管如此，有限的研究探讨了父母对患有发展性协调障碍 (DCD) 和/或多动症 (ADHD) 儿童所面临的行人风险的看法。了解父母的观点可以让我们对孩子每天面临的挑战以及父母对孩子作为行人的安全的担忧有一个独特的见解。因此，本研究的目的是探讨家长对患有DCD和/或多动症的孩子所面临的行人风险的看法。方法对14名年龄在7岁的小学和初中儿童的家长进行半结构式访谈。 –17。参与者根据孩子的情况分为三组：DCD组（10-17岁，n= 3)，ADHD 组（7-13 岁，n= 5），以及同时发生的群体（7-16岁，n= 6）。所有家长均确认现有诊断并完成 SNAP-IV 和 DCDQ 作为筛查工具。访谈探讨了家长对孩子行人行为的看法、家长的担忧以及为改善患有 DCD 和/或多动症的孩子的行人安全而采取的预防措施。我们采用反思性主题分析来分析访谈，从中发展出三个主题。结果第一个主题与路边儿童经历的挑战有关；第一个主题与儿童在路边经历的挑战有关。家长们强调了结构化和受控的行人过路处的重要性，并强调他们更倾向于选择指定的过路处作为更安全的选择，因为他们对其他过路处的风险有更高的认识。第二个主题：父母对儿童道路安全的关注和影响涉及孩子在路边的表现和安全，从而导致加强监控和对过马路采取更具保护性的方法。第三个主题：道路安全教育，涉及家长为减轻风险、平衡独立性和优先考虑安全而采取的各种策略。讨论虽然患有发展性协调障碍和/或多动症的儿童在路边面临的挑战有共同点，但也存在显着差异。 DCD 儿童的父母讨论了空间意识和运动技能方面的挑战，而 ADHD 儿童的父母则讨论了冲动和注意力不集中的挑战。同时患有 DCD 和 ADHD 的儿童的父母描述了这些挑战之间复杂的相互作用。从访谈中可以明显看出，患有 DCD 和/或多动症的儿童需要一种独特的方法来有效地培养他们的行人技能，家长报告了他们用来解决与孩子的路边行为相关的风险的具体策略。促进患有发展性协调障碍 (DCD) 和/或多动症 (ADHD) 儿童的行人安全需要家长、学校和地方当局之间的合作，采取全面措施确保他们的安全。这些发现有助于了解家长的经历和需求，为有针对性的干预措施和政策提供宝贵的指导，以加强患有发展性协调障碍和/或多动症儿童的道路安全。