The observed partitioning of poleward heat transport between atmospheric and oceanic heat transports (AHT and OHT) is compared to that in coupled climate models. Model ensemble mean poleward OHT is biased low in both hemispheres, with the largest biases in the Southern Hemisphere extratropics. Poleward AHT is biased high in the Northern Hemisphere, especially in the vicinity of the peak AHT near 40°N. The significant model biases are persistent across three model generations (CMIP3, CMIP5, CMIP6) and are insensitive to the satellite radiation and atmospheric reanalyzes products used to derive observational estimates of AHT and OHT. Model biases in heat transport partitioning are consistent with biases in the spatial structure of energy input to the ocean and atmosphere. Specifically, larger than observed model evaporation in the tropics adds excess energy to the atmosphere that drives enhanced poleward AHT at the expense of weaker OHT.

中文翻译：

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向极热传输的大气-海洋分区的模型偏差在三代 CMIP 中持续存在

将观测到的大气和海洋热传输（AHT 和 OHT）之间向极地热传输的划分与耦合气候模型中的划分进行了比较。模型集合平均极地 OHT 在两个半球都偏低，其中南半球温带的偏差最大。 Poleward AHT 在北半球偏高，特别是在 40°N 附近的 AHT 峰值附近。显着的模型偏差在三代模型（CMIP3、CMIP5、CMIP6）中持续存在，并且对卫星辐射不敏感，并且大气重新分析用于得出 AHT 和 OHT 观测估计的产品。热传输分配的模型偏差与海洋和大气能量输入的空间结构的偏差一致。具体来说，热带地区比观测到的模型蒸发量更大，为大气增加了多余的能量，从而以较弱的 OHT 为代价驱动了向极地的 AHT 增强。