This research aims to study co-pyrolysis of waste wind turbine blades (WTB) and biomass using a thermogravimetric (TG) analyser at various heating rates (10, 20, and 30 °C/min). The experiments were performed on WTB consisting of a glass fibre/unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) and woody biomass (WBs) at different mixing ratios (1:1, 2:1, 3:1 w/w). The effect of a mixing ratio and a heating rate on composition of vapours released from the co-pyrolysis process was observed using TG-FTIR and GC-MS. Also, the co-pyrolysis kinetic and thermodynamic behaviour of the WTB/WBs mixtures was studied. Meanwhile, the experimental TG curves were mathematically simulated using the Distributed activation energy method and the Independent parallel reactions, while unknown curves were predicted using an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The differential thermogravimetric results showed high compatibility between WTB and WBs (1:1 and 2:1) with a single decomposition peak, which is indicates that both feedstocks were degraded as a single-step reaction. While the higher mixing rate (3:1) revealed double decomposition peaks, indicating that the mixture undergoes two sequential decomposition reactions and several competing reactions occur simultaneously, which increases the complexity of the decomposition process. Meanwhile, the GC-MS results showed that the mixture of WTB/WBs (1:1) could significantly reduce the styrene (the main toxic compound of UPR) from 62% (in neat WTB) to 7 % at 30 °C/min. Also, presence of other aromatic hydrocarbons (benzoic acid, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, etc.) was observed in the mixture samples as a result of styrene cracking. Finally, the kinetic model-free isoconversional results showed that Ea was estimated at 275–383 kJ/mol (WBs) and 196–286 kJ/mol (WTB/WBs). Accordingly, co-pyrolysis of WTB with WBs is highly recommended to valorise WTB and eliminate their toxic styrene compound.

中文翻译：

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废弃风力涡轮机叶片与生物质的共热解及其基于人工神经网络的动力学分析

本研究旨在使用热重 (TG) 分析仪在不同加热速率（10、20 和 30 °C/min）下研究废弃风力涡轮机叶片 (WTB) 和生物质的共热解。实验是在由玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯树脂 (UPR) 和木质生物质 (WB) 以不同混合比例（1:1、2:1、3:1 w/w）组成的 WTB 上进行的。使用TG-FTIR 和GC-MS 观察了混合比和加热速率对共热解过程中释放的蒸气组成的影响。此外，还研究了 WTB/WBs 混合物的共热解动力学和热力学行为。同时，利用分布式活化能法和独立并联反应对实验TG曲线进行数学模拟，同时利用人工神经网络（ANN）模型对未知曲线进行预测。差热重分析结果显示，WTB 和 WB（1:1 和 2:1）之间具有较高的兼容性，且具有单一分解峰，这表明两种原料均通过单步反应进行降解。而较高的混合比例（3:1）则显示出双分解峰，表明混合物经历了两个连续的分解反应，并且几个竞争反应同时发生，这增加了分解过程的复杂性。同时，GC-MS 结果表明，WTB/WBs (1:1) 的混合物在 30 °C/min 下可将苯乙烯（UPR 的主要有毒化合物）从 62%（纯 WTB 中）显着降低至 7% 。此外，由于苯乙烯裂解，在混合物样品中观察到其他芳香烃（苯甲酸、2-甲氧基-4-乙烯基苯酚等）的存在。最后，无动力学模型等转换结果表明，Ea 估计为 275–383 kJ/mol (WBs) 和 196–286 kJ/mol (WTB/WBs)。因此，强烈建议将 WTB 与 WB 共热解，以提高 WTB 的价值并消除其有毒苯乙烯化合物。