The solar technology, specifically the Perovskite based photovoltaics (PV) offers a substantial attribution in the recent times. Apart from the stability, flexibility as well as the higher efficiency, more focus is given to use a lead-free combined with the eco-friendly as well as the cheaper materials in PSC device fabrication. The non-volatile PVK, i.e., Cesium tin iodide (CsSnI) can be a suitable material for fabricating the PSC device, this is not only a cost effective, but also offers eco-friendliness containing higher optoelectronic nature due to its smaller bandgap, i.e., 1.3 eV. The proper inclusion of Sn in perovskite also improves the stability of the device. In the current simulation work the CsSnI is utilized as an active layer whereas biosynthesized (BS) ZnO-NP as Electron Transport Layer (ETL) for cost effective production. Likewise, Spiro-OMeTAD is designed as the Hole Transport Layer (HTL) for superior holes collection. The comprehensive simulation is used for obtaining suitable CsSnI thickness, working temperature, and total defectivity, resistances impact, respectively. The currently simulated PSC deals with an exceptional power conversion efficiency (PCE) around 26.32%. The obtained results shown in the present investigation may demonstrates an exclusive approach for the development of the lead-free solar cells.

中文翻译：

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采用新型生物合成 ZnO-NP 作为 ETL 设计更高效的 CsSnI3 基钙钛矿太阳能电池

太阳能技术，特别是基于钙钛矿的光伏（PV）技术在近来发挥了重要作用。除了稳定性、灵活性和更高的效率之外，在 PSC 器件制造中，更多的重点是使用无铅与环保且更便宜的材料相结合。非挥发性PVK，即碘化铯锡（CsSnI）可以成为制造PSC器件的合适材料，这不仅具有成本效益，而且由于其较小的带隙而具有更高的光电性质，因此具有生态友好性，即，1.3 eV。钙钛矿中适当添加锡也提高了器件的稳定性。在当前的模拟工作中，CsSnI 被用作活性层，而生物合成 (BS) ZnO-NP 则用作电子传输层 (ETL)，以实现成本效益的生产。同样，Spiro-OMeTAD 被设计为空穴传输层 (HTL)，以实现卓越的空穴收集。综合模拟用于分别获得合适的CsSnI厚度、工作温度、总缺陷率、电阻影响。当前模拟的 PSC 具有约 26.32% 的出色功率转换效率 (PCE)。本研究中所获得的结果可能证明了开发无铅太阳能电池的独特方法。