Emerging contaminants (EC) like chloramphenicol in wastewater are highly related to human, livestock, and aquaculture therapeutic activities. High levels of chloramphenicol in water may cause toxic effects on an aquatic environment, humans, and animals. The removal of chloramphenicol in wastewater was the main objective of this study. This study explores the use of microwave irradiation in the production of Rambutan peel-based activated carbon (RPAC) at a heating power of 700 W for 15 min under carbon dioxide, CO gas flow. RPAC had a BET surface area of 583.44 m/g, mesopores surface area of 469.87 m/g, total pore volume of 0.27 cm/g, and average pore diameter of 2.31 nm. The equilibrium study shows that the concentration of Cp adsorbed by RPAC increased as the initial concentration increased from 4.93 mg/g to 25.10 mg/g. Isotherm adsorption determined that Langmuir was the preferred model since it has the lowest RSME and highest R of 3.34 and 0.9994, respectively. It was observed from kinetic studies that the adsorption system relies on the pseudo-second order. According to thermodynamic studies, the enthalpy change, △H° and Gibbs free energy, △G° obtained indicating that the adsorption process occurs in an exothermic and spontaneous state.

中文翻译：

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利用微波能量将 Nephelium lappaceum L. 果皮转化为活性炭以根除水溶液中的氯霉素

废水中的氯霉素等新兴污染物 (EC) 与人类、牲畜和水产养殖的治疗活动高度相关。水中高含量的氯霉素可能会对水生环境、人类和动物造成毒性影响。去除废水中的氯霉素是本研究的主要目标。本研究探讨了在二氧化碳、CO 气流下，在 700 W 的加热功率下，使用微波辐射生产红毛丹皮活性炭 (RPAC) 15 分钟。 RPAC的BET表面积为583.44 m/g，介孔表面积为469.87 m/g，总孔体积为0.27 cm/g，平均孔径为2.31 nm。平衡研究表明，RPAC吸附的Cp浓度随着初始浓度从4.93 mg/g增加到25.10 mg/g而增加。等温吸附确定 Langmuir 是首选模型，因为它具有最低的 RSME 和最高的 R，分别为 3.34 和 0.9994。从动力学研究中观察到吸附系统依赖于准二级吸附系统。根据热力学研究，得到的焓变△H°和吉布斯自由能△G°表明吸附过程是放热自发状态。