The reflection waveform inversion is a powerful technique to build a large‐scale velocity model of the subsurface by fitting the reflected recorded seismic waves. The reflection waveform inversion is designed based on the pillar concept of model and data‐scale separation. Therefore, its success is related to the ability of its forward modelling engine to separate reflected events distinctly from other propagation modes (diving waves, multiples, etc.). However, the standard Born modelling based on the two‐way wave equation may generate internal multiples in case of an insufficient smooth background model. These internal multiples may lead to a distorted sensitivity kernel, which adds more non‐linearity to the inverse problem. In addition, simulating the wave equation using two‐way propagators is still an overburden step of the algorithm especially in large three‐dimensional real surveys. In this proposal, we introduce an alternative to the two‐way wave equation by using a one‐way approach for the reflection waveform inversion. The Born modelling based on one‐way propagators significantly reduces the computational cost and I think it should be allows to relax the smooth background velocity model assumption by restricting the forward modelling to primary reflected waves. After a brief theoretical description of the one‐way waveform inversion, we present an application of the algorithm on the real marine dataset to review its promises and pitfalls. Our approach produces an acceptable large‐scale velocity model whose accuracy is confirmed by the migrated image and the offset gathers.

中文翻译：

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单向波形反演：真实海洋数据应用

反射波形反演是一种通过拟合反射记录地震波来建立大规模地下速度模型的强大技术。反射波形反演是基于模型和数据尺度分离的支柱概念设计的。因此，它的成功与其正演建模引擎将反射事件与其他传播模式（潜水波、多次波等）区分开来的能力有关。然而，基于双向波动方程的标准玻恩模型在背景模型不够平滑的情况下可能会产生内部多次波。这些内部倍数可能会导致敏感度内核扭曲，从而给反演问题增加更多的非线性。此外，使用双向传播器模拟波动方程仍然是算法的一个负担过重的步骤，尤其是在大型三维实际测量中。在本提案中，我们通过使用单向方法进行反射波形反演，引入了双向波动方程的替代方案。基于单向传播器的玻恩建模显着降低了计算成本，我认为它应该允许通过将前向建模限制为初级反射波来放宽平滑背景速度模型假设。在对单向波形反演进行简要的理论描述之后，我们提出了该算法在真实海洋数据集上的应用，以回顾其前景和缺陷。我们的方法产生了一个可接受的大规模速度模型，其精度由偏移图像和偏移道集证实。