A new generation of phenomenological optical potentials requires robust calibration and uncertainty quantification, motivating the use of Bayesian statistical methods. These Bayesian methods usually require calculating observables for thousands or even millions of parameter sets, making fast and accurate emulators highly desirable or even essential. Emulating scattering across different energies or with interactions such as optical potentials is challenging because of the nonaffine parameter dependence, meaning the parameters do not all factorize from individual operators. Here we introduce and demonstrate the reduced-order scattering emulator (rose) framework, a reduced basis emulator that can handle nonaffine problems. rose is fully extensible and works within the publicly available band framework software suite for calibration, model mixing, and experimental design. As a demonstration problem, we use rose to calibrate a realistic nucleon-target scattering model through the calculation of elastic cross sections. This problem shows the practical value of the rose framework for Bayesian uncertainty quantification with controlled trade-offs between emulator speed and accuracy as compared to high-fidelity solvers. Planned extensions of rose are discussed.

中文翻译：

---

ROSE：光学模型的降阶散射模拟器

新一代唯象光学势需要稳健的校准和不确定性量化，从而激发了贝叶斯统计方法的使用。这些贝叶斯方法通常需要计算数千甚至数百万个参数集的可观测值，因此快速而准确的模拟器非常可取甚至必不可少。由于非仿射参数依赖性，模拟不同能量之间的散射或光势等相互作用具有挑战性，这意味着参数并不全部来自各个算子。在这里，我们介绍并演示了降阶散射模拟器（rose）框架，这是一个可以处理非仿射问题的降阶模拟器。Rose是完全可扩展的，可在公开可用的频带框架软件套件中工作，用于校准、模型混合和实验设计。作为演示问题，我们使用rose通过计算弹性横截面来校准真实的核子-目标散射模型。该问题显示了用于贝叶斯不确定性量化的Rose框架的实用价值，与高保真求解器相比，该框架在仿真器速度和精度之间进行了受控权衡。讨论了玫瑰的计划扩展。