Although pancreas and islet cell transplantation are the only ways to prevent the late complications of insulin‐dependent diabetes, a shortage of donors is a major obstacle to tissue and organ transplantation. Stem cell therapy is an effective treatment for diabetes and other pancreatic‐related diseases, which can be achieved by inducing their differentiation into insulin‐secreting cells. The liver is considered an ideal source of pancreatic cells due to its similar developmental origin and strong regenerative ability as the pancreas. This article reviews the traditional and emerging strategies using hepatocytes for pancreatic regenerative medicine and evaluates their advantages and challenges. Gene reprogramming and chemical reprogramming technologies are traditional strategies with potential to improve the efficiency and specificity of cell reprogramming and promote the transformation of hepatocytes into islet cells. At the same time, organoid technology, as an emerging strategy, has received extensive attention. Biomaterials provide a three‐dimensional culture microenvironment for cells, which helps improve cell survival and differentiation efficiency. In addition, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene editing technology has brought new opportunities and challenges to the development of organoid technology.image

中文翻译：

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使用肝细胞进行胰腺再生医学的传统和新兴策略

尽管胰腺和胰岛细胞移植是预防胰岛素依赖型糖尿病晚期并发症的唯一方法，但供体短缺是组织和器官移植的主要障碍。干细胞疗法是治疗糖尿病和其他胰腺相关疾病的有效方法，可以通过诱导其分化为胰岛素分泌细胞来实现。肝脏由于其与胰腺相似的发育起源和强大的再生能力而被认为是胰腺细胞的理想来源。本文回顾了使用肝细胞进行胰腺再生医学的传统和新兴策略，并评估了它们的优势和挑战。基因重编程和化学重编程技术是传统策略，有望提高细胞重编程的效率和特异性，促进肝细胞向胰岛细胞的转化。与此同时，类器官技术作为一种新兴策略，受到了广泛关注。生物材料为细胞提供三维培养微环境，有助于提高细胞存活率和分化效率。此外，成簇规则间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）/Cas9基因编辑技术也给类器官技术的发展带来了新的机遇和挑战。图像