Simulation studies were performed to estimate geometric errors in spatial data from monoscopic interpretation of large format aerial photographs. Positional and area error were simulated for a range of photo scales (1:10,000 to 1:40,000), camera tilts (0° to 4.2°), and relief (vertical range from 0 m to 750 m). Average positional errors were observed between 4 m and 104 m and varied positively with tilt and terrain range and inversely with scale. Area errors were observed over a range of polygon sizes, from 40 to 600 ha. Average area error ranged from 0.0 to 10.7% and was positively related to tilt and terrain range and not related to scale or polygon size. The magnitude of these errors and the availability and low cost of requisite correction technologies suggest analytical methods for removing relief and tilt distortion should be employed under most circumstances. For. Sci. 38(2):367-380.

中文翻译：

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自然资源 GIS 数据中的几何误差：航空照片中的倾斜和地形效应

进行了模拟研究，以根据大幅面航空照片的单视场解释来估计空间数据中的几何误差。针对一系列照片比例（1:10,000 至 1:40,000）、相机倾斜（0° 至 4.2°）和地形（垂直范围从 0 m 至 750 m）模拟位置和面积误差。观察到的平均位置误差在 4 m 到 104 m 之间，并且随倾斜度和地形范围呈正向变化，与比例呈反比变化。在 40 至 600 公顷的一系列多边形大小范围内观察到面积误差。平均面积误差范围为 0.0% 至 10.7%，与倾斜和地形范围正相关，与比例或多边形大小无关。这些误差的大小以及所需校正技术的可用性和低成本表明，在大多数情况下应采用消除起伏和倾斜变形的分析方法。为了。科学。 38（2）：367-380。