In November 2022, Italy participated in the third edition of the European Centre for disease prevention and control (ECDC) point prevalence survey (PPS) of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in acute-care hospitals. A questionnaire based on the WHO infection prevention and control assessment framework (IPCAF) was included, which aims to investigate multimodal strategies for the implementation of IPC interventions. A PPS was conducted using the ECDC PPS protocol version 6.0. The Regional health authority of the region of Piedmont, in north-western Italy, chose to enlist all public acute-care hospitals. Data were collected within one day per each ward, within 3 weeks in each hospital, at hospital, ward and patient level. A score between 0–1 or 0–2 was assigned to each of the 9 items in the IPCAF questionnaire, with 14 points representing the best possible score. HAI prevalence was calculated at the hospital-level as the percentage of patients with at least one HAI over all included patients. Relations between HAI prevalence, IPCAF score, and other hospital-level variables were assessed using Spearman's Rho coefficient. In total, 42 acute-care hospitals of the region of Piedmont were involved, with a total of 6865 included patients. All participant hospitals reported they employed multimodal strategies to implement IPC interventions. The median IPCAF overall score was 11/14 (interquartile range, IQR: 9.25–12). The multimodal strategy with the highest level of adherence was education and training, followed by communication and reminders. Strategies with the lowest level of adherence were safety climate and culture of change, and system change. Overall HAI prevalence was 8.06%. A weak to moderate inverse relation was found between IPCAF score and HAI prevalence (Spearman’s Rho -0.340, p 0.034). No other significant correlation was found. This study found a high self-reported overall level of implementation of multimodal strategies for IPC in the region. Results of this study suggest the relevance of the multimodal approach and the validity of the IPCAF score in measuring IPC programs, in terms of effectiveness of preventing HAI transmission.

中文翻译：

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意大利北部感染预防和控制干预措施多模式策略的实施水平以及医疗保健相关感染的流行率

2022 年 11 月，意大利参加了欧洲疾病预防和控制中心 (ECDC) 第三版急症医院医疗保健相关感染 (HAI) 点流行率调查 (PPS)。其中包括一份基于世界卫生组织感染预防和控制评估框架（IPCAF）的调查问卷，旨在研究实施IPC干预措施的多模式策略。使用 ECDC PPS 协议版本 6.0 进行 PPS。意大利西北部皮埃蒙特地区的地区卫生当局选择将所有公立急症护理医院纳入其中。每个病房一天内、每家医院三周内、医院、病房和患者层面收集数据。 IPCAF 问卷中的 9 个项目的得分分别为 0-1 或 0-2，其中 14 分代表最佳得分。 HAI 患病率是在医院层面计算的，即患有至少一种 HAI 的患者占所有纳入患者的百分比。使用 Spearman 的 Rho 系数评估 HAI 患病率、IPCAF 评分和其他医院级别变量之间的关系。皮埃蒙特地区共有 42 家急症护理医院参与其中，共有 6865 名患者。所有参与医院均报告称，​​他们采用了多模式策略来实施 IPC 干预措施。 IPCAF 总分中位数为 11/14（四分位距，IQR：9.25-12）。遵守程度最高的多式联运策略是教育和培训，其次是沟通和提醒。遵守程度最低的策略是安全氛围和变革文化以及系统变革。 HAI 总体患病率为 8.06%。 IPCAF 评分与 HAI 患病率之间存在弱到中度的负相关关系（Spearman's Rho -0.340，p < 0.034）。没有发现其他显着相关性。本研究发现，该地区自我报告的 IPC 多式联运战略实施总体水平较高。这项研究的结果表明，在预防 HAI 传播的有效性方面，多模式方法的相关性和 IPCAF 评分在衡量 IPC 项目中的有效性。