This research explores the impact of outdoor soundscapes at nursing homes on the physiological health of older adults. Using virtual reality, the study recreated the outdoor environments at nursing homes for 57 seniors in a lab setting, continuously monitoring physiological indicators such as skin conductance level, heart rate, low to high-frequency heart rate variability ratio, respiratory frequency, blink frequency, and pupil diameter. The comparison of these indicators with corresponding soundscapes revealed the diverse effects of different nursing home outdoor scenarios on the physiological health of older adults. Furthermore, analysis of the temporal marginal effects of these indicators highlighted the significant influence of time on the physiological responses of seniors in various soundscapes, showing fluctuations in each indicator at different times. Finally, to understand the channels of impact, the study examined how acoustic features at nursing homes affect seniors' physiological indicators. The findings suggest that increased loudness and roughness in soundscapes elevate seniors' heart rates and cardiovascular risks, while a moderate increase in L and fluctuation strength in dynamic scenarios might have positive stimulative effects on the physiological functions of the older adults.

中文翻译：

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疗养院户外声景对老年人生理指标的影响

这项研究探讨了疗养院的户外声景对老年人生理健康的影响。该研究利用虚拟现实技术，在实验室环境中为 57 名老年人重现了疗养院的室外环境，持续监测皮肤电导水平、心率、低频到高频心率变异率、呼吸频率、眨眼频率等生理指标，和瞳孔直径。这些指标与相应的声景的比较揭示了不同疗养院户外场景对老年人生理健康的不同影响。此外，对这些指标的时间边际效应的分析凸显了时间对老年人在各种声景中的生理反应的显着影响，显示出各个指标在不同时间的波动。最后，为了了解影响的渠道，该研究研究了疗养院的声学特征如何影响老年人的生理指标。研究结果表明，声景响度和粗糙度的增加会提高老年人的心率和心血管风险，而动态场景中 L 和波动强度的适度增加可能对老年人的生理功能产生积极的刺激作用。