With the rapid development of intelligent manufacturing, modern components are accelerating toward being light weight, miniaturized, and complex, which provides a broad space for the application of rare earth permanent magnet materials. As an emerging near-net-shape manufacturing process, additive manufacturing (AM) has a short process flow and significantly reduces material loss and energy consumption, which brings new possibilities and impetus to the development of rare earth permanent magnetic materials. Here, the applications of AM technology in the field of rare earth permanent magnets in recent years are reviewed and prospected, including laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), fused deposition modeling (FDM), and binder jetting (BJ) techniques. Research has found that the magnetic properties of AM Nd-Fe-B magnets can reach or even exceed the traditional bonded magnets. In addition, in situ magnetic field alignment, in situ grain boundary infiltration, and post-processing methods are effective in enhancing the magnetic properties of AM magnets. These results have laid a good foundation for the development of AM rare earth permanent magnets.

中文翻译：

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稀土永磁材料增材制造：研究现状与展望

随着智能制造的快速发展，现代零部件加速向轻量化、小型化、复杂化方向发展，这为稀土永磁材料的应用提供了广阔的空间。增材制造（AM）作为一种新兴的近终形制造工艺，工艺流程短，显着降低材料损耗和能耗，为稀土永磁材料的发展带来新的可能性和动力。本文对近年来增材制造技术在稀土永磁领域的应用进行了回顾和展望，包括激光粉末床熔融（LPBF）、熔融沉积成型（FDM）和粘结剂喷射（BJ）技术。研究发现AM Nd-Fe-B磁体的磁性能可以达到甚至超过传统粘结磁体。此外，原位磁场排列、原位晶界渗透和后处理方法对于增强AM磁体的磁性能是有效的。这些成果为AM稀土永磁体的发展奠定了良好的基础。