Measurements of CO₂, Ar, N₂, and O densities between 150 and 200 km from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer during February 2015 to February 2022 are analyzed to provide a comprehensive analysis of their longitudinal wavenumber k = 1, 2, and 3 components. Variations in density amplitudes (A_k) with solar flux are marginally detectable during this period. The A_k binned and averaged in latitude, local solar time and Ls are referenced to diurnal- and zonal-mean backgrounds in accord with how tides and stationary planetary waves (SPWs) are defined in theory and modeling. The resulting global A_k distributions are the interference patterns formed by superposition of diurnal tides, SPWs and/or semidiurnal tides; consequently, a simple dependence on species mass consistent with thermal expansion (diffusive equilibrium) that might exist for some individual wave components is obscured. Additionally, vertical winds likely contribute to deviations from diffusive equilibrium. Complementary analyses of the Mars Climate Database indicate that the major contributors to the A_k are DE2, SE1, DE1, and SPW1, 2, 3; support the absence of significant variability due to solar flux; and indicate a more well-defined sensitivity to species mass. The A_k and their phases (longitudes of maxima) for the whole data set are available as part of Supporting Information S1.

中文翻译：

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来自 MAVEN 的火星热层 CO2、Ar、N2 和 O 密度的纵向变化：对物种质量、太阳通量和当地时间的依赖性

对2015年2月至2022年2月期间从火星大气层和挥发性演化中性气体和离子质谱仪测量的150至200公里范围内的CO ₂、Ar、N ₂和O密度进行了分析，以综合分析其纵波数k  = 1、2 和 3 组件。在此期间，密度振幅 (A _k ) 随太阳通量的变化是勉强可检测到的。根据潮汐和静止行星波 (SPW) 在理论和建模中的定义方式，按照纬度、当地太阳时和 Ls 进行分组和平均的A _k参考日平均和纬向平均背景。由此产生的全局 A _k分布是由日潮、SPW 和/或半日潮叠加形成的干扰模式；因此，对于某些单独的波分量可能存在的与热膨胀（扩散平衡）一致的物质质量的简单依赖被掩盖了。此外，垂直风可能会导致扩散平衡的偏离。火星气候数据库的补充分析表明，A _k的主要贡献者是 DE2、SE1、DE1 和 SPW1、2、3；支持太阳通量不存在显着变化；并表明对物种质量有更明确的敏感性。整个数据集的A _k及其相位（最大值经度）可作为支持信息 S1 的一部分提供。