ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence, perinatal outcomes and factors associated with neonatal sepsis in referral‐level facilities across Nigeria.DesignSecondary analysis of data from the Maternal and Perinatal Database for Quality, Equity and Dignity Programme in 54 referral‐level hospitals across Nigeria.SettingRecords covering the period from 1 September 2019 to 31 August 2020.PopulationMothers admitted for birth during the study period, and their live newborns.MethodsAnalysis of prevalence and sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with neonatal sepsis and perinatal outcomes. Multilevel logistic regression modelling identified factors associated with neonatal sepsis.Main outcome measuresNeonatal sepsis and perinatal outcomes.ResultsThe prevalence of neonatal sepsis was 16.3 (95% CI 15.3–17.2) per 1000 live births (1113/68 459) with a 10.3% (115/1113) case fatality rate. Limited education, unemployment or employment in sales/trading/manual jobs, nulliparity/grand multiparity, chronic medical disorder, lack of antenatal care (ANC) or ANC outside the birthing hospital and referral for birth increased the odds of neonatal sepsis. Birthweight of <2500 g, non‐spontaneous vaginal birth, preterm birth, prolonged rupture of membranes, APGAR score of <7 at 5 min, birth asphyxia, birth trauma or jaundice were associated with neonatal sepsis. Neonates with sepsis were more frequently admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (1037/1110, 93.4% vs 8237/67 346, 12.2%) and experienced a higher rate of death (115/1113, 10.3% vs 933/67 343, 1.4%).ConclusionsNeonatal sepsis remains a critical challenge in neonatal care, underscored by its high prevalence and mortality rate. The identification of maternal and neonatal risk factors underscores the importance of improved access to education and employment for women and targeted interventions in antenatal and intrapartum care.

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尼日利亚新生儿败血症的患病率、围产期结局和相关因素

目的检查尼日利亚转诊级医院中新生儿败血症的患病率、围产期结局和相关因素。设计对尼日利亚 54 家转诊级医院孕产妇和围产期质量、公平和尊严计划数据库的数据进行二次分析。设置涵盖时间为2019年9月1日至2020年8月31日。人口研究期间入院分娩的母亲及其活产新生儿。方法分析与新生儿败血症和围产期结局相关的患病率以及社会人口学和临床因素。多水平逻辑回归模型确定了与新生儿败血症相关的因素。主要结局指标新生儿败血症和围产期结局。结果新生儿败血症的患病率为每 1000 名活产儿 (1113/68 459) 16.3 (95% CI 15.3–17.2)，其中 10.3% (115 /1113) 病死率。教育有限、失业或从事销售/贸易/体力工作、未生育/多产、慢性疾病、缺乏产前护理 (ANC) 或在分娩医院之外缺乏 ANC 以及转诊分娩都会增加新生儿败血症的几率。出生体重<2500g、非自然阴道分娩、早产、胎膜早破、5分钟APGAR评分<7、出生窒息、产伤或黄疸等与新生儿败血症相关。患有脓毒症的新生儿更常被送入新生儿重症监护病房（1037/1110，93.4％ vs 8237/67 346，12.2％），并且死亡率较高（115/1113，10.3％ vs 933/67 343，1.4） %).结论新生儿败血症仍然是新生儿护理中的一个严峻挑战，其高患病率和死亡率凸显了这一点。孕产妇和新生儿危险因素的识别强调了改善妇女接受教育和就业的机会以及在产前和产时护理方面采取有针对性的干预措施的重要性。