Objective To determine the accuracy of two developmental screening questionnaires to detect cognitive or language delay, defined using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-Third Edition (Bayley-III), in children born extremely preterm (EP: <28 weeks’ gestation) or extremely low birth weight (ELBW: <1000 g). Design Prospective cohort study. Setting State of Victoria, Australia. Patients 211 infants born EP/ELBW assessed at 2 years’ corrected age (mean 2.2, SD 0.2). Main outcome measures Cognitive and language delay (<−1 SD) on the Bayley-III. The screening questionnaires were the Parent Report of Children’s Abilities-Revised (PARCA-R) and the Ages & Stages Questionnaires Third Edition (ASQ-3). Results The PARCA-R performed better than the ASQ-3, but neither questionnaire had substantial agreement with the Bayley-III to detect cognitive delay; kappa (95% CI): PARCA-R 0.43 (0.23, 0.63); ASQ-3 0.15 (−0.05, 0.35); sensitivity (95% CI): PARCA-R 70% (53%, 84%) ASQ-3 62% (47%, 76%); specificity (95% CI): PARCA-R 73% (60%, 84%) ASQ-3 53% (38%, 68%). When both tools were used in combination (below cut-off on at least one assessment), sensitivity increased to 78% (60%, 91%) but specificity fell to 45% (29%, 62%). Similar trends were noted for language delay on the Bayley-III, although kappa values were better than for cognitive delay. Conclusions Neither screening questionnaire identified cognitive delay well, but both were better at identifying language delay. The PARCA-R detects delay on the Bayley-III more accurately than the ASQ-3. Sensitivity for detecting delay is greatest when the PARCA-R and ASQ-3 were used in combination, but resulted in lower specificity. Data are available upon reasonable request.

中文翻译：

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用于检测高危婴儿 2 岁时认知和语言发育迟缓的家长筛查问卷：来自 2016-2017 年维多利亚婴儿合作研究队列的分析

目的 确定两种发育筛查问卷的准确性，以检测极早产儿（EP：妊娠 28 周以下）的认知或语言发育迟缓（使用贝利婴幼儿发育量表第三版（Bayley-III）定义）或极低出生体重（ELBW：<1000 克）。设计前瞻性队列研究。设置澳大利亚维多利亚州。患者 211 名出生婴儿在 2 岁时进行了 EP/ELBW 评估（平均 2.2，SD 0.2）。主要结果测量 Bayley-III 上的认知和语言延迟 (<−1 SD)。筛选问卷是《儿童能力家长报告修订版》(PARCA-R) 和《年龄与阶段问卷第三版》(ASQ-3)。结果 PARCA-R 的表现优于 ASQ-3，但两种问卷在检测认知延迟方面均与 Bayley-III 没有实质性一致； kappa (95% CI)：PARCA-R 0.43 (0.23, 0.63)； ASQ-3 0.15（−0.05，0.35）；敏感性 (95% CI)：PARCA-R 70% (53%, 84%) ASQ-3 62% (47%, 76%)；特异性 (95% CI)：PARCA-R 73% (60%, 84%) ASQ-3 53% (38%, 68%)。当两种工具结合使用时（至少一项评估低于截止值），敏感性增加至 78% (60%, 91%)，但特异性下降至 45% (29%, 62%)。 Bayley-III 的语言延迟也出现了类似的趋势，尽管 kappa 值优于认知延迟。结论 两种筛查问卷都不能很好地识别认知延迟，但两者都能更好地识别语言延迟。 PARCA-R 比 ASQ-3 更准确地检测 Bayley-III 上的延迟。当 PARCA-R 和 ASQ-3 组合使用时，检测延迟的灵敏度最高，但特异性较低。数据可根据合理要求提供。