Women’s reproductive autonomy is an ideologically divisive issue, and this divisiveness goes beyond just attitudes toward abortion to include other outcomes such as miscarriage. Previous research has established that hostile sexism is positively associated with punitive attitudes toward pregnant women who flout conventional pregnancy proscriptions. Across three studies (N₁ = 296; N₂ = 580, N₃ = 308) we conceptually replicated this research while shifting the focus from abstract attitudes to concrete policies punishing women for miscarriage, and moving beyond hostile sexism to examine the role of political orientation (including libertarianism). In all three studies, hostile sexism remained a significant positive predictor of support for punishing women for miscarriage even after controlling for political orientation. Conservative and libertarian self-identification were positively associated with support for punishment at zero-order, and in multiple regressions adjusting for sexism and demographic variables, conservatism remained significantly positively related to support for punishment in two studies. Libertarianism was no longer a significant predictor of support for punishment after adjusting for sexism; with this in mind, we conducted mediation analyses and found significant indirect paths from libertarian identification through hostile sexism in two of the three studies. These findings provide evidence for the role of sexism and political ideology in the increasingly punitive post-Roe vs. Wade United States.

妇女的生殖自主权是一个意识形态上存在分歧的问题，这种分歧不仅限于对堕胎的态度，还包括流产等其他结果。先前的研究已经证实，敌对性别歧视与对藐视传统怀孕禁令的孕妇的惩罚态度呈正相关。在三项研究中（N ₁  = 296；N ₂  = 580，N ₃  = 308），我们在概念上重复了这项研究，同时将重点从抽象态度转移到惩罚妇女流产的具体政策，并超越敌对的性别歧视，以考察政治因素的作用。取向（包括自由主义）。在所有三项研究中，即使在控制了政治取向之后，敌对性别歧视仍然是支持惩罚流产妇女的重要积极预测因素。保守主义和自由主义的自我认同与零阶惩罚的支持呈正相关，并且在调整性别歧视和人口变量的多元回归中，保守主义与两项研究中对惩罚的支持仍然显着正相关。在对性别歧视进行调整后，自由主义不再是支持惩罚的重要预测因素；考虑到这一点，我们进行了中介分析，并在三项研究中的两项中发现了从自由主义认同到敌对性别歧视的重要间接路径。这些发现为性别歧视和政治意识形态在罗伊诉韦德案后美国惩罚性日益增强的作用提供了证据。