ObjectivesStudies have shown that children develop a higher body weight during summer months. This has been demonstrated repeatedly using the body mass index (BMI), but the effect of season on other weight‐related anthropometric measurements is still unclear.MethodsMeasurements of height, weight, waist circumference (WC), triceps, and subscapular skinfolds (TSF and SSF), collected from September till May in a cross‐sectional sample of 4–16‐year‐old children and adolescents (n = 4525) from the Bergen Growth Study 1 (BGS1). Differences in z‐score by season were tested with linear models adjusted for age group and separately for sex. Overall differences were tested with a one‐way between‐group analysis of variance.ResultsThe girls had higher BMIz (+0.12, p = .03) and WCz (+0.18, p = .002) in fall compared with spring. TSFz (−0.19, p < .001) and SSFz (−0.18, p < .001) were lower in winter in girls, and in boys both in fall (TSFz −0.10, p = .046; SSFz – 0.16, p < .001), and winter (TSFz −0.15, p = .004; SSFz −0.14, p = .003), when compared with spring.ConclusionsSeasonal variation was detected for all anthropometric measures, but differences in the direction of the effect between measures of global (BMI), central (WC) or subcutaneous (SF) adiposity suggest a more complex mechanism that needs further exploration.

中文翻译：

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挪威儿童体重指数、腰围和皮褶的季节变化

目标研究表明，儿童在夏季体重会增加。体重指数 (BMI) 已多次证明了这一点，但季节对其他与体重相关的人体测量结果的影响仍不清楚。 方法测量身高、体重、腰围 (WC)、三头肌和肩胛下皮褶 (TSF 和SSF），从 9 月到 5 月收集了 4-16 岁儿童和青少年的横断面样本（n= 4525）来自卑尔根生长研究 1 (BGS1)。差异在于z‐按季节的得分通过针对年龄组和性别分别调整的线性模型进行测试。通过单向组间方差分析来测试总体差异。结果女孩的 BMIz 较高（+0.12，p= .03) 和 WCz (+0.18,p= .002) 秋季与春季相比。 TSFz (−0.19,p< .001) 和 SSFz (−0.18,p< .001）女孩冬季较低，男孩秋季均较低（TSFz -0.10，p= .046； SSFz – 0.16，p< .001) 和冬季 (TSFz −0.15,p= .004； SSFz−0.14，p= .003)，与春季相比。结论所有人体测量指标均检测到季节性变化，但整体 (BMI)、中心 (WC) 或皮下 (SF) 肥胖指标之间的影响方向存在差异，表明存在更复杂的机制这需要进一步探索。