Biweekly sea surface temperature (SST) variability significantly contributes to over 50% of the intraseasonal variability in the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) and Atlantic (EEA). Our study investigates this biweekly variability, employing a blend of in–situ and reanalysis data sets. The research identifies biweekly signals in SST, meridional wind, and ocean currents, notably in September–November in EEP and June–August in EEA. Biweekly southerly (northerly) winds drive instantaneous northward (southward) ocean currents in EEP, but with a 1–2-day phase delay in EEA. Consequently, these currents lead to SST anomalies with a 3–4-day lag in both EEP and EEA due to the presence of the cold tongue. The study reveals the origin of biweekly wind fluctuations in the western Pacific for EEP and the subpolar Pacific for EEA, connected by atmospheric Rossby waves validated through a linearized non-divergent barotropic model. This research affirms the influence of subtropical and subpolar atmospheric forcing on equatorial SST.

中文翻译：

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赤道东太平洋和大西洋双周海面温度变化的起源

双周海面温度 (SST) 变化对赤道东太平洋 (EEP) 和大西洋 (EEA) 超过 50% 的季节内变化有显着贡献。我们的研究结合了现场数据集和再分析数据集，调查了这种每两周一次的变异性。该研究确定了每两周一次的海温、经向风和洋流信号，特别是 EEP 的 9 月至 11 月和 EEA 的 6 月至 8 月。每两周一次的南风（北风）会在 EEP 中驱动瞬时向北（南向）的洋流，但在 EEA 中会出现 1-2 天的相位延迟。因此，由于冷舌的存在，这些洋流导致 EEP 和 EEA 出现 3-4 天的海温异常。该研究揭示了西太平洋（EEP）和副极地太平洋（EEA）每两周一次风波动的起源，通过线性化非发散正压模型验证的大气罗斯贝波将其联系起来。本研究证实了副热带和副极地大气强迫对赤道海温的影响。