Friction and wear phenomena are common problems in sliding equipment, so materials with excellent antifriction and wear resistance properties are getting increasingly more attention. Two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene and molybdenum disulfide, have always been the research hotspots on account of their special structures and excellent tribological properties. In 2011, MXene, an important member of the 2D material family, was launched. With excellent properties such as ultra-high strength, rich surface end groups, and relatively low cost, MXenes have great potential as lubricant additives. Although these properties have proved to be the reason why MXenes are impressive, the preparation of MXenes composites and the understanding of their mechanical and tribological mechanisms remain to be further investigated. In addition, the abundant surface end groups of MXenes nanosheets make them relatively easy to be functionalized, which has attracted widespread attention. This review aims to comprehensively understand the tribological properties of MXenes nanolayers and to summarize and sort out recent research progress. First, the preparation of MXenes is reviewed, and then the latest research progress of MXenes in liquid lubrication, solid lubrication, and solid–liquid hybrid systems since the advent of MXenes is summarized. Finally, some current problems are presented and an outlook on the development of MXenes is given.

摩擦磨损现象是滑动设备中常见的问题，因此具有优异减摩耐磨性能的材料越来越受到人们的关注。石墨烯、二硫化钼等二维材料因其特殊的结构和优异的摩擦学性能一直是研究热点。 2011年，2D材料家族的重要成员MXene推出。 MXenes具有超高强度、丰富的表面端基和相对较低的成本等优异性能，作为润滑油添加剂具有巨大的潜力。尽管这些特性已被证明是 MXene 令人印象深刻的原因，但 MXene 复合材料的制备以及对其机械和摩擦学机制的理解仍有待进一步研究。此外，MXenes纳米片丰富的表面端基使其相对容易进行功能化，引起了广泛的关注。本综述旨在全面了解MXenes纳米层的摩擦学性能，并对近期研究进展进行总结和梳理。首先回顾了MXenes的制备过程，然后总结了MXenes问世以来MXenes在液体润滑、固体润滑和固液混合体系方面的最新研究进展。最后，提出了当前存在的一些问题并对MXenes的发展进行了展望。