This study investigated the effects of the timing of caffeine (3 mg/kg body mass) ingestion on three-point shooting accuracy and other performance parameters during a basketball exercise simulation test (BEST). Eighteen college basketball players (mean ± SD: age = 24.4 ± 1.5 years, height = 181.7 ± 9.5 cm, body mass = 80.9 ± 13.2 kg) underwent one familiarization trial and three main conditions in a randomized order: (a) placebo (maltodextrin) and placebo, (b) caffeine and placebo, and (c) placebo and caffeine. Participants ingested either the placebo or caffeine pill 75 and 15 min before performing four quarters of the BEST and a three-point shooting protocol. During each quarter, participants completed 16 rounds of the BEST and ten three-point shots. Vertical jump height, 6 m sprint timing, BEST completion timing, three-point shooting accuracy, heart rate, rate of perceived exertion, blood glucose, blood lactate, and psychological measures pertaining to performance were measured. The BEST completion timing differed among conditions (placebo and placebo = 26.4 ± 2.0 s, caffeine and placebo = 25.8 ± 2.0 s, placebo and caffeine = 25.9 ± 2.1 s; p = .031) but not three-point shooting accuracy (placebo and placebo = 12.33 ± 4.10; caffeine and placebo = 12.61 ± 2.81; placebo and caffeine = 11.67 ± 3.77; p = .648), vertical jump height, or sprint times. Manipulating ingestion timing of caffeine did not improve three-point shooting accuracy, vertical jump height, or 6 m sprint timings, but caffeine can improve performance times during simulated basketball exercise irrespective of ingestion timing.

本研究调查了篮球运动模拟测试 (BEST) 中咖啡因（3 毫克/千克体重）摄入时间对三分球命中率和其他表现参数的影响。十八名大学篮球运动员（平均值± 标准差：年龄 = 24.4 ± 1.5 岁，身高 = 181.7 ± 9.5 厘米，体重 = 80.9 ± 13.2 公斤）接受了一项熟悉试验，并按随机顺序选择了三个主要条件：（a）安慰剂（麦芽糖糊精） ）和安慰剂，（b）咖啡因和安慰剂，以及（c）安慰剂和咖啡因。参与者在执行四节 BEST 和三分投篮方案前 75 分钟和 15 分钟服用安慰剂或咖啡因药丸。每节比赛中，参赛者完成 16 轮 BEST 和 10 次三分球。测量垂直跳跃高度、6 m 冲刺计时、BEST 完成计时、三分投篮准确度、心率、自觉用力率、血糖、血乳酸以及与表现相关的心理测量。最佳完成时间因条件而异（安慰剂和安慰剂 = 26.4 ± 2.0 秒，咖啡因和安慰剂 = 25.8 ± 2.0 秒，安慰剂和咖啡因 = 25.9 ± 2.1 秒；p  = .031），但三分投篮准确度没有差异（安慰剂和安慰剂）安慰剂 = 12.33 ± 4.10；咖啡因和安慰剂 = 12.61 ± 2.81；安慰剂和咖啡因 = 11.67 ± 3.77；p  = .648)，垂直跳跃高度或冲刺时间。控制咖啡因的摄入时间并不能提高三分球命中率、垂直跳跃高度或 6 m 冲刺时间，但咖啡因可以提高模拟篮球练习中的表现时间，而与摄入时间无关。