This article describes the design, calibration, and testing of new calorimetric microsensors for the measurement of wall shear stress in low-speed aerodynamic flows. The sensors are made of three beams of platinum-plated silicon nitride suspended over a small cavity. Their range of operation and their bandwidth are of the order of \(\pm 10\) Pa and 1 kHz, respectively. Results from experimental campaigns in a laminar separation bubble, a turbulent separation bubble, and on a NACA 0015 airfoil at low Reynolds number indicate a high sensitivity and an inherent capacity to measure instantaneous backflow. This demonstrates the capability of the new sensors to accurately determine the mean and fluctuating wall shear stress in laminar, transitional, and turbulent separating and reattaching flows.

本文介绍了用于测量低速空气动力流中壁面剪切应力的新型量热微传感器的设计、校准和测试。传感器由三根镀铂氮化硅梁组成，悬挂在一个小空腔上。它们的工作范围和带宽分别约为\(\pm 10\)  Pa 和 1 kHz。在层流分离泡、湍流分离泡和低雷诺数的 NACA 0015 翼型上进行的实验结果表明，具有高灵敏度和测量瞬时回流的固有能力。这证明了新传感器能够准确确定层流、过渡流和湍流分离和重新附着流中的平均壁面剪切应力和脉动壁面剪切应力。