Bacteria have immense potential as biological therapeutic agents that can be used to treat diseases, owing to their inherent immunomodulatory activity, targeting capabilities, and biosynthetic functions. The integration of synthetic biomaterials with natural bacteria has led to the construction of bacterial biomaterials with enhanced functionality and exceptional safety features. In this review, recent progress in the field of bacterial biomaterials, including bacterial drug delivery systems, bacterial drug-producing factories, bacterial biomaterials for metabolic engineering, bacterial biomaterials that can be remotely controlled, and living bacteria hydrogel formulations, is described and summarized. Furthermore, future trends in advancing next-generation bacterial biomaterials for enhanced clinical applications are proposed in the conclusion.

中文翻译：

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细菌生物材料用于疾病治疗的进展

细菌由于其固有的免疫调节活性、靶向能力和生物合成功能，作为生物治疗剂具有巨大的潜力，可用于治疗疾病。合成生物材料与天然细菌的整合导致了具有增强功能和卓越安全特性的细菌生物材料的构建。本文对细菌生物材料领域的最新进展进行了描述和总结，包括细菌药物输送系统、细菌药物生产工厂、用于代谢工程的细菌生物材料、可远程控制的细菌生物材料以及活细菌水凝胶制剂。此外，结论中提出了推进下一代细菌生物材料以增强临床应用的未来趋势。