Cellulose, due to its excellent mechanical and tribological properties and eco-friendliness, is suitable for environmentally friendly applications. However, its application is limited due to susceptibility to wear and damage under stress during usage. This study introduces nanosized aluminum, copper, alumina, and copper oxide into composite materials to tackle the challenges of wear and damage. This approach aims to improve the tribological performance of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) composite coatings significantly. The additive particles enhanced the load-bearing capacity and wear properties of cellulose-based composite coatings. The velocity accommodation mode was provided by nano-metals through S3M2 (interaction of metal particle additives through a third-body mechanism), while for nano-oxides, it was S3M4 (expulsion of nanoparticles from the wear mark to the outer contact zone). Due to the higher specific stiffness and strength of oxides, nanofillers in the composite offered better load resistance than nano-metals, resulting in a smaller actual contact area during wear. Therefore, metal oxide nanofillers enhanced tribological properties more effectively than metal nanoparticles. Finally, detailed explanations of the tribological evidence and discussions on the mechanism were conducted.

中文翻译：

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通过纳米金属和氧化物添加剂增强羟丙基甲基纤维素复合涂层的摩擦学性能：比较研究

纤维素由于其优异的机械和摩擦学性能以及生态友好性，适合环保应用。然而，由于在使用过程中在压力下容易磨损和损坏，其应用受到限制。这项研究将纳米铝、铜、氧化铝和氧化铜引入复合材料中，以应对磨损和损坏的挑战。该方法旨在显着提高羟丙基甲基纤维素（HPMC）复合涂层的摩擦学性能。添加剂颗粒增强了纤维素基复合涂层的承载能力和耐磨性能。纳米金属通过S3M2（金属颗粒添加剂通过第三体机制相互作用）提供速度调节模式，而纳米氧化物则通过S3M4（将纳米颗粒从磨损痕迹排出到外部接触区）提供速度调节模式。由于氧化物具有较高的比刚度和强度，复合材料中的纳米填料比纳米金属具有更好的耐载荷能力，从而导致磨损期间的实际接触面积更小。因此，金属氧化物纳米填料比金属纳米粒子更有效地增强摩擦学性能。最后，对摩擦学证据进行了详细解释并对其机理进行了讨论。