Failures of listening to individuals raising concerns are often implicated in safety incidents. To better understand this and theorize the communicative processes by which safety voice averts harm, we undertook a conceptual review of “safety listening” in organizations: responses to any voice that calls for action to prevent harm. Synthesizing research from disparate fields, we found 36 terms/definitions describing safety listening which typically framed it in terms of listeners’ motivations. These motivational accounts, we propose, are a by-product of the self-report methods used to study listening (e.g., surveys, interviews), which focus on listening perceptions rather than actual responses following speaking-up. In contrast, we define safety listening as a behavioral response to safety voice in organizational contexts to prevent harms. Influenced by cognitive, interactional, and environmental factors, safety listening may prevent incidents through enabling cooperative sensemaking processes for building shared awareness and understanding of risks and hazards.

中文翻译：

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组织中的安全倾听：综合概念审查

未能倾听个人提出的担忧往往会导致安全事故。为了更好地理解这一点，并对安全声音避免伤害的沟通过程进行理论化，我们对组织中的“安全倾听”进行了概念审查：对任何要求采取行动防止伤害的声音做出反应。综合不同领域的研究，我们发现了 36 个描述安全聆听的术语/定义，这些术语/定义通常根据听众的动机来界定安全聆听。我们认为，这些动机性描述是用于研究听力的自我报告方法（例如调查、访谈）的副产品，这些方法侧重于听力感知而不是发言后的实际反应。相比之下，我们将安全倾听定义为组织环境中对安全声音的行为反应，以防止伤害。受认知、互动和环境因素的影响，安全倾听可以通过启用合作意义构建过程来建立对风险和危害的共同意识和理解，从而预防事故的发生。