Natural and induced fractures in porous media pose significant challenges in subsurface applications such as carbon storage, hydrocarbon production, and aquifer contamination mitigation. These highly permeable fractures disrupt the natural flow in porous formations, leading to issues including reduced pressure buildup and early fluid breakthrough. To address these challenges, foam injection serves as an effective method for fluid diversion, offering enhanced mobility control in fractured media. However, the foam's performance must be carefully optimized considering factors such as reservoir conditions, fluid compatibility, rock properties like pore structure, permeability, and mineralogy, as well as fracture roughness, homogeneity, and orientation. This study investigates the effects of inclination angles (0°, 5°, 10°, and 15°) of smooth, saw-cut fractures on the performance of supercritical carbon dioxide foam in three distinct carbonate rocks: Indiana limestone, Fond Du Lac dolomite, and Alabama Silver limestone. These rocks exhibit a wide range of permeabilities, from 0.4 mD to 5.4 D. The findings are compared with previous research on Berea sandstone. It is demonstrated that optimal foam performance is more readily achieved in fractured porous media with higher permeability, larger pore throat sizes, and mineralogically compatible formations. Unlike previous work where studies focused on the individual impact of specific parameters, including a previous study conducted by our group to explore the effect of fracture orientation, the novelty of this paper is that it addresses multiple parameters at the same time and the interconnected roles that they play. This interplay of fracture orientation, rock type, and flow properties is what determines the ideal conditions that must be optimized to achieve the required foam performance.

中文翻译：

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研究裂缝倾角和岩石性质对多孔介质中超临界 CO2 泡沫流动的相互作用

多孔介质中的天然裂缝和诱导裂缝对碳储存、碳氢化合物生产和含水层污染缓解等地下应用提出了重大挑战。这些高渗透性裂缝破坏了多孔地层中的自然流动，导致压力积聚减少和早期流体突破等问题。为了应对这些挑战，泡沫注入是一种有效的流体导流方法，可增强裂缝介质的流动性控制。然而，必须仔细优化泡沫的性能，考虑储层条件、流体相容性、岩石特性（如孔隙结构、渗透率和矿物学）以及裂缝粗糙度、均匀性和方向等因素。本研究研究了光滑锯切裂缝的倾角（0°、5°、10° 和 15°）对三种不同碳酸盐岩中超临界二氧化碳泡沫性能的影响：印第安纳石灰岩、Fond Du Lac 白云岩和阿拉巴马银石灰石。这些岩石表现出广泛的渗透率，从 0.4 mD 到 5.4 D。这些发现与之前对伯里亚砂岩的研究进行了比较。结果表明，在具有较高渗透率、较大孔喉尺寸和矿物学相容地层的裂缝多孔介质中更容易实现最佳泡沫性能。与之前的研究重点关注特定参数的个体影响（包括我们小组之前为探索断裂方向的影响而进行的研究）不同，本文的新颖之处在于它同时解决了多个参数以及相互关联的角色他们玩。裂缝方向、岩石类型和流动特性的相互作用决定了必须优化的理想条件，以实现所需的泡沫性能。