Solar radiation plays a dominant role in numerous engineering systems. Shading, resulting from various objects, modulates the amount and distribution of irradiance received by surfaces. This research aimed to develop a model for assessing the spatial and temporal distribution of insolation on urban surfaces affected by building shadows. A Scilab code was implemented to compute building shadows using a direct mathematical algorithm. The results indicate that the front façade of the building is exposed to the sun for approximately 35–40% of the year’s hours, collecting more than 0.5 MW-hr/m\(^2\) annually. It was observed that building shadows effectively mitigate solar radiation, especially when the building width is between 0.25 and 3 times the spacing between buildings. The ground exhibited the lowest shading factor value and the highest sensitivity to latitude. These findings are intended to serve as a reference for urban planners.

太阳辐射在许多工程系统中起着主导作用。由各种物体产生的阴影调节表面接收的辐照度的量和分布。这项研究旨在开发一个模型，用于评估受建筑物阴影影响的城市表面日照的空间和时间分布。实施 Scilab 代码以使用直接数学算法计算建筑物阴影。结果表明，建筑物的前立面一年中约有 35-40% 的时间暴露在阳光下，每年收集的阳光超过 0.5 MW-hr/m \(^2\) 。据观察，建筑物阴影可以有效减轻太阳辐射，特别是当建筑物宽度为建筑物间距的 0.25 至 3 倍时。地面表现出最低的遮蔽因子值和最高的纬度敏感度。这些研究结果旨在为城市规划者提供参考。