Purpose of Review

Physiotherapy interventions for headache mostly include exercise and manual therapy. Yet, the complex nature of headache, sometimes characterized by symptoms of facilitated central pain mechanisms, demands an individualized approach in which therapeutic patient education could be supportive. This scoping review aimed to summarize the position of therapeutic patient education within the physiotherapy management of adults with headache. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched. The search-query comprised terminology relating to “headache”, “education”, and “physiotherapy”. Eligibility criteria were: adults with headache, interventions including education within the domain of physiotherapy, reviews, clinical trials, cohort, case report, case–control studies.

Recent Findings

Eleven publications were included from the 281 retrieved publications. These publications were clinical trials (n = 4), reviews (n = 4), case-reports (n = 2), and a guideline (n = 1). Type of headaches studied were migraine (n = 3), post-traumatic headache (n = 2), tension-type headache (n = 2), cervicogenic headache (n = 1), primary headaches (n = 1), chronic daily headache (n = 1), and mixed migraine-cervicogenic headache (n = 1). Education seems an umbrella-term for postural education, lifestyle advice, and pain education. Three themes emerged across the publications: handling headache triggers (migraine, post-traumatic headache), promoting active lifestyle (post-traumatic headache, chronic daily headache, migraine), evaluating posture (post-traumatic headache, chronic daily headache, tension-type headache, cervicogenic headache). All publications recommended education in the management of headache. Only one (of the 11 included) publication described the educational program and determined its efficacy.

Summary

Based on this scoping review, therapeutic patient education seems supported within physiotherapy management of headache. However, it is unclear how such education is tailored to the specific needs of the individual, the headache subtype, or when it should be added to physiotherapy management of headache.

中文翻译：

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治疗性患者教育作为成人头痛物理治疗管理的一部分：范围界定审查

审查目的

头痛的物理治疗干预措施主要包括运动和手法治疗。然而，头痛的复杂性有时以促进中枢疼痛机制的症状为特征，需要采取个体化的方法，其中治疗性患者教育可以提供支持。本次范围审查旨在总结治疗性患者教育在成人头痛物理治疗管理中的地位。检索了 PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science 和 Scopus。搜索查询包含与“头痛”、“教育”和“物理治疗”相关的术语。资格标准为：患有头痛的成年人、干预措施，包括物理治疗领域内的教育、评论、临床试验、队列、病例报告、病例对照研究。

最近的发现

检索到的 281 篇出版物中收录了 11 篇出版物。这些出版物包括临床试验 ( n  = 4)、综述 ( n  = 4)、病例报告 ( n  = 2) 和指南 ( n  = 1)。研究的头痛类型为偏头痛 ( n  = 3)、创伤后头痛 ( n  = 2)、紧张型头痛 ( n  = 2)、颈源性头痛 ( n  = 1)、原发性头痛 ( n  = 1)、慢性每日头痛头痛 ( n  = 1) 和混合性偏头痛-颈源性头痛 ( n  = 1)。教育似乎是姿势教育、生活方式建议和疼痛教育的总称。出版物中出现了三个主题：处理头痛诱因（偏头痛、创伤后头痛）、促进积极的生活方式（创伤后头痛、慢性日常头痛、偏头痛）、评估姿势（创伤后头痛、慢性日常头痛、紧张型头痛）头痛、颈源性头痛）。所有出版物都推荐进行头痛管理教育。只有一份（包括的 11 份）出版物描述了该教育计划并确定了其效果。

概括

根据本次范围审查，头痛的物理治疗管理似乎支持治疗性患者教育。然而，目前尚不清楚此类教育如何根据个人、头痛亚型的具体需求进行定制，或者何时应将其添加到头痛的物理治疗管理中。