Bacterial cells have a unique challenge to organize their cytoplasm without the use of membrane-bound organelles. Biomolecular condensates (henceforth BMCs) are a class of nonmembrane-bound organelles, which, through the physical process of phase separation, can form liquid-like droplets with proteins/nucleic acids. BMCs have been broadly characterized in eukaryotic cells, and BMCs have been recently identified in bacteria, with the first and best studied example being bacterial ribonucleoprotein bodies (BR-bodies). BR-bodies contain the RNA decay machinery and show functional parallels to eukaryotic P-bodies (PBs) and stress granules (SGs). Due to the finding that mRNA decay machinery is compartmentalized in BR-bodies and in eukaryotic PBs/SGs, we will explore the functional similarities in the proteins, which are known to enrich in these structures based on recent proteomic studies. Interestingly, despite the use of different mRNA decay and post-transcriptional regulatory machinery, this analysis has revealed evolutionary convergence in the classes of enriched enzymes in these structures.

中文翻译：

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真核生物和细菌 RNA 衰变凝聚物的蛋白质组组成表明趋同进化

细菌细胞在不使用膜结合细胞器的情况下组织其细胞质面临着独特的挑战。生物分子凝聚体（以下简称BMC）是一类非膜结合的细胞器，通过相分离的物理过程，可以与蛋白质/核酸形成液体状液滴。 BMC 在真核细胞中得到了广泛的表征，最近在细菌中也发现了 BMC，第一个也是研究得最好的例子是细菌核糖核蛋白体 (BR-bodies)。 BR 体包含 RNA 降解机制，并显示出与真核 P 体 (PB) 和应激颗粒 (SG) 功能相似的功能。由于发现 mRNA 降解机制在 BR 体和真核 PB/SG 中是区分开的，我们将探索蛋白质的功能相似性，根据最近的蛋白质组学研究，已知这些蛋白质在这些结构中丰富。有趣的是，尽管使用了不同的 mRNA 衰减和转录后调节机制，但该分析揭示了这些结构中富集酶类别的进化趋同。