Background

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a heart valve anomaly with specific electrocardiographic findings and arrhythmia. A predominant sympathetic tone and diminished vagal activity have been reported especially in symptomatic MVP patients.

Objectives

In the current study, we aim to review heart rate variability (HRV) parameters of MVP children in order to determine if there is an impaired autonomic regulation.

Methods

The data of children with MVP were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic characteristics, body mass index, symptomatology, MVP type and mitral regurgitation, MVP-related electrocardiographic changes, arrhythmia, and HRV parameters in 24-h Holter monitoring were recorded. HRV parameters of the control group were obtained from children applying for sport participation. Statistical significance limit was accepted as p < 0.05.

Results

154 of the patients (74.8%) were girls, the median age was 13.58 ± 2.99 years. While MVP patients had shorter PR intervals, those who had syncope had longer PR intervals. Short PR distance may be a feature of MVP, long PR distance may be a condition associated with syncope with the underlying paroxysmal atrioventricular block. Moreover, the minimum heart rate was significantly lower in the MVP group compared to the control and there were no significant differences in terms of remaining parameters. The number of low LF values was higher in MVP patients than the control. Comparing HRV values of groups by gender, we found that overall HRV parameters were lower in girls with MVP while minimum, maximum, and average heart rate were lower in boys with MVP.

Conclusion

Impaired HRV associated with MVP could be age, gender, and symptom related. In addition, low LF may indicate impaired baroreflex sensitivity in MVP patients.

中文翻译：

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二尖瓣脱垂儿童心率变异性评估

背景

二尖瓣脱垂 (MVP) 是一种心脏瓣膜异常，具有特定的心电图表现和心律失常。据报道，特别是在有症状的 MVP 患者中，交感神经紧张和迷走神经活动减弱。

目标

在当前的研究中，我们旨在审查 MVP 儿童的心率变异性 (HRV) 参数，以确定自主神经调节是否受损。

方法

对 MVP 儿童的数据进行回顾性分析。记录人口统计学特征、体重指数、症状、MVP 类型和二尖瓣反流、MVP 相关心电图变化、心律失常和 24 小时动态心电图监测中的 HRV 参数。对照组的HRV参数是从申请参加运动的儿童中获得的。统计显着性极限被接受为p  < 0.05。

结果

其中154名患者（74.8%）为女孩，中位年龄为13.58±2.99岁。 MVP 患者的 PR 间期较短，而晕厥患者的 PR 间期较长。 PR 距离短可能是 MVP 的一个特征，PR 距离长可能是与潜在阵发性房室传导阻滞晕厥相关的病症。此外，与对照组相比，MVP 组的最低心率显着降低，其余参数没有显着差异。 MVP 患者中低 LF 值的数量高于对照组。按性别比较各组的 HRV 值，我们发现 MVP 女孩的总体 HRV 参数较低，而 MVP 男孩的最小、最大和平均心率较低。

结论

与 MVP 相关的 HRV 受损可能与年龄、性别和症状有关。此外，低 LF 可能表明 MVP 患者的压力反射敏感性受损。