Abstract. Marine aerosol affects the global energy budget and regional weather. The production of marine aerosol is primarily driven by wind at the sea–air interface. Previous studies have explored the effects of wind on marine aerosol, mostly by examining the relationships between aerosol optical depth (AOD) and surface wind speed. In this paper, utilizing the synergy of aerosol and wind observations from Aeolus, the relationships between the marine aerosol optical properties at 355 nm and the instantaneous co-located wind speeds of remote oceans are investigated at two vertical layers (within and above the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL)). The results show that the enhancements of the extinction and backscatter coefficients caused by wind are larger within the MABL than above it. The correlation models between extinction and backscatter with wind speed were established using power-law functions. The slope variation points occur during extinction and backscatter coefficients increasing with wind speed, indicating that the wind-driven enhancement of marine aerosol involves two phases: a rapid-growth phase with high wind dependence, followed by a slower-growth phase after the slope variation points. We also compared the AOD–wind relationship acquired from Aeolus with CALIPSO-derived results from previous research. The variation in the lidar ratio with wind speed is examined, suggesting a possible “increasing–decreasing–increasing” trend of marine aerosol particle size as wind speed increases. This study enhances the comprehension of the correlation between marine aerosol optical properties and wind speed by providing vertical information and demonstrating that their relationships are more complex than a linear or exponential relation.

中文翻译：

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利用星载激光雷达观测风速对偏远海洋上海洋气溶胶光学特性的影响

摘要。海洋气溶胶影响全球能源预算和区域天气。海洋气溶胶的产生主要是由海-气界面的风驱动的。先前的研究主要通过研究气溶胶光学深度（AOD）与表面风速之间的关系来探索风对海洋气溶胶的影响。本文利用风神气溶胶和风观测的协同作用，在两个垂直层（海洋大气层内和之上）研究了 355 nm 海洋气溶胶光学特性与远海瞬时同位风速之间的关系。边界层（MABL））。结果表明，风对MABL内消光系数和后向散射系数的增强作用大于其上方。利用幂律函数建立了消光和后向散射与风速的相关模型。斜率变化点出现在消光期间，后向散射系数随风速增加，表明风力驱动的海洋气溶胶增强过程分为两个阶段：风依赖性较强的快速增长阶段，以及斜率变化后的缓慢增长阶段。点。我们还将从 Aeolus 获得的 AOD-风关系与之前研究中由 CALIPSO 得出的结果进行了比较。研究了激光雷达比率随风速的变化，表明随着风速的增加，海洋气溶胶颗粒尺寸可能存在“增加-减少-增加”的趋势。这项研究通过提供垂直信息并证明它们的关系比线性或指数关系更复杂，增强了对海洋气溶胶光学特性与风速之间相关性的理解。