The application of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in the management of hematological malignancies has emerged as a noteworthy therapeutic breakthrough. Nevertheless, the utilization and effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors are still limited primarily because of the absence of tumor-specific target antigen, the existence of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, restricted T cell invasion and proliferation, and the occurrence of severe toxicity. This review explored the history of CAR-T and its latest advancements in the management of solid tumors. According to recent studies, optimizing the design of CAR-T cells, implementing logic-gated CAR-T cells and refining the delivery methods of therapeutic agents can all enhance the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy. Furthermore, combination therapy shows promise as a way to improve the effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy. At present, numerous clinical trials involving CAR-T cells for solid tumors are actively in progress. In conclusion, CAR-T cell therapy has both potential and challenges when it comes to treating solid tumors. As CAR-T cell therapy continues to evolve, further innovations will be devised to surmount the challenges associated with this treatment modality, ultimately leading to enhanced therapeutic response for patients suffered solid tumors.

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CAR-T细胞治疗实体瘤的当前挑战和治疗进展

嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞在血液恶性肿瘤治疗中的应用已成为一项值得注意的治疗突破。然而，CAR-T细胞疗法在实体瘤中的应用和有效性仍然受到限制，主要是由于缺乏肿瘤特异性靶抗原、存在免疫抑制的肿瘤微环境、T细胞侵袭和增殖受限以及严重毒性的发生。本综述探讨了 CAR-T 的历史及其在实体瘤治疗方面的最新进展。根据最近的研究，优化CAR-T细胞的设计、实施逻辑门控CAR-T细胞以及改进治疗药物的递送方法都可以增强CAR-T细胞治疗的疗效。此外，联合疗法有望成为提高 CAR-T 细胞疗法有效性的一种方法。目前，众多涉及CAR-T细胞治疗实体瘤的临床试验正在积极进行中。总之，CAR-T细胞疗法在治疗实体瘤方面既有潜力，也有挑战。随着 CAR-T 细胞疗法的不断发展，我们将设计出进一步的创新来克服与这种治疗方式相关的挑战，最终增强实体瘤患者的治疗反应。