Abstract

This study introduces a new approach for introducing a bidirectional elastic modulator that operates for acoustic systems in the megahertz frequency range. The proposed modulator combines a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with a magnetic material within a solid–solid phononic crystal (PnC). In fact, a new method has been developed to manipulate the interference of acoustic waves utilizing a magnetic field in a distinctive PnC-MZI configuration. This suggested modulator is simple and convenient for application in acoustic communication systems and networks. The PnC structure comprises a square lattice composed of Tungsten cylinders embedded in a PMMA substrate. The Mach–Zehnder interferometer consists of two symmetrical arms, with each arm containing an embedded Terfenol-D material. The proposed modulator operates dynamically by altering the Young's modulus of Terfenol-D through the application of an external magnetic field. By considering three different values of Young's modulus for the Terfenol-D hollow cylinders in the two arms, distinct phase shifts for propagating waves are achieved, resulting in three levels of intensity in the modulator's output in the proposed modulator. Another advantage of the proposed configuration is its bidirectional functionality. Furthermore, the modulator demonstrates a high extinction ratio of − 22.2 dB and a low insertion loss of 0.4 dB, indicating its excellent performance. The simulations are fulfilled using the finite element method.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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声子晶体马赫-曾德尔干涉仪中通过terfenol-D的双向弹性调制器

摘要

这项研究介绍了一种新方法，用于引入双向弹性调制器，该调制器适用于兆赫频率范围内的声学系统。所提出的调制器将马赫-曾德尔干涉仪 (MZI) 与固-固声子晶体 (PnC) 内的磁性材料相结合。事实上，我们已经开发出一种新方法，利用独特的 PnC-MZI 配置中的磁场来操纵声波的干扰。该调制器简单且方便地应用于声学通信系统和网络中。 PnC 结构包括由嵌入 PMMA 基板中的钨圆柱体组成的方形晶格。马赫-曾德尔干涉仪由两个对称的臂组成，每个臂都包含嵌入的 Terfenol-D 材料。所提出的调制器通过施加外部磁场改变 Terfenol-D 的杨氏模量来动态运行。通过考虑两个臂中 Terfenol-D 空心圆柱体的杨氏模量的三个不同值，可以实现传播波的不同相移，从而在所提出的调制器中产生三个级别的调制器输出强度。所提出的配置的另一个优点是其双向功能。此外，该调制器还具有-22.2 dB的高消光比和0.4 dB的低插入损耗，表明其具有出色的性能。使用有限元方法完成模拟。

图形概要