The energy density of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is much higher than that of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). It is considered an effective development for the next generation of lithium batteries. However, the development of LMBs has been limited by the destructive lithium dendrites formed during cycling and the unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI). Current collectors with nanoarrays, which have been extensively studied in recent years, are effective in improving the cycling stability of LMBs. Here we investigated three mechanisms of action based on different nanoarrays as structural materials for lithium metal anodes (LMAs). First, the common substrates used in the present study are summarized and the advantages and disadvantages of different substrates are elucidated. Second, we classify the different structures of current collector array structures and their mechanisms of action on the behavior of lithium metal deposition. Finally, we review commonly used lithiophilic materials for constructing nanoarrays and analyze the underlying mechanisms by which they provide lithiophilicity. The above three parts systematically summarize the application progress of current collectors with nanoarrays in lithium metal batteries, providing direction and guidance for designing more effective current collectors in the future.

中文翻译：

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锂金属阳极纳米阵列的综述

锂金属电池（LMB）的能量密度远高于锂离子电池（LIB）。它被认为是下一代锂电池的有效发展。然而，LMB的发展受到循环过程中形成的破坏性锂枝晶和不稳定的固体电解质界面（SEI）的限制。近年来，纳米阵列集流体得到了广泛研究，可有效提高LMB的循环稳定性。在这里，我们研究了基于不同纳米阵列作为锂金属阳极（LMA）结构材料的三种作用机制。首先，总结了本研究中使用的常见基质，并阐明了不同基质的优缺点。其次，我们对集流体阵列结构的不同结构及其对锂金属沉积行为的作用机制进行了分类。最后，我们回顾了用于构建纳米阵列的常用亲硫材料，并分析了它们提供亲硫性的潜在机制。以上三个部分系统地总结了纳米阵列集流体在锂金属电池中的应用进展，为未来设计更有效的集流体提供方向和指导。