Focusing on the regeneration of damaged knee meniscus, we propose a hybrid scaffold made of poly(ester-urethane) (PEU) and collagen that combines suitable mechanical properties with enhanced biological integration. To ensure biocompatibility and degradability, the degradable PEU was prepared from a poly(ε-caprolactone), L-lysine diisocyanate prepolymer (PCL di-NCO) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) diol (PLGA). The resulting PEU (M_n = 52 000 g mol⁻¹) was used to prepare porous scaffolds using the solvent casting (SC)/particle leaching (PL) method at an optimized salt/PEU weight ratio of 5 : 1. The morphology, pore size and porosity of the scaffolds were evaluated by SEM showing interconnected pores with a uniform size of around 170 μm. Mechanical properties were found to be close to those of the human meniscus (E_y ∼ 0.6 MPa at 37 °C). To enhance the biological properties, incorporation of collagen type 1 (Col) was then performed via soaking, injection or forced infiltration. The latter yielded the best results as shown by SEM-EDX and X-ray tomography analyses that confirmed the morphology and highlighted the efficient pore Col-coating with an average of 0.3 wt% Col in the scaffolds. Finally, in vitro L929 cell assays confirmed higher cell proliferation and an improved cellular affinity towards the proposed scaffolds compared to culture plates and a gold standard commercial meniscal implant.

中文翻译：

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用于半月板修复的胶原/聚酯聚氨酯多孔支架

着眼于受损膝关节半月板的再生，我们提出了一种由聚（酯-聚氨酯）（PEU）和胶原蛋白制成的混合支架，它将合适的机械性能与增强的生物整合结合起来。为了确保生物相容性和可降解性，可降解的PEU由聚(ε-己内酯)、 L-赖氨酸二异氰酸酯预聚物(PCL di-NCO)和聚(乳酸-共-乙醇酸)二醇(PLGA)制备。所得PEU（M _n = 52 000 g mol ^-1）用于使用溶剂浇铸（SC）/颗粒浸出（PL）方法以优化的盐/PEU重量比5:1制备多孔支架。通过 SEM 评估支架的孔径和孔隙率，显示相互连接的孔，尺寸均匀，约为 170 μm。研究发现其机械性能与人类半月板的机械性能接近（ 37°C 时E _y ∼ 0.6 MPa）。为了增强生物特性，通过浸泡、注射或强制渗透的方式掺入 1 型胶原蛋白 (Col) 。 SEM-EDX 和 X 射线断层扫描分析显示，后者产生了最佳结果，证实了形态并突出了支架中平均 0.3 wt% Col 的有效孔 Col 涂层。最后，体外L929 细胞测定证实，与培养板和金标准商业半月板植入物相比，所提出的支架具有更高的细胞增殖性和更高的细胞亲和力。