Relaxation dynamics, essential for the structural evolution of non-equilibrium systems like glassy materials, remain enigmatic. Here, we explore relaxation dynamics and viscoelastic properties in three types of metallic glasses with distinct β relaxation behavior. In systems with significant β relaxation, stress relaxation and creep experiments reveal a transition from two-step to one-step relaxation with rising temperature. However, such a phenomenon is absent in systems with weaker β relaxation. We model the two-step relaxation process using a double Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts equation, and the obtained relaxation times elegantly adhere to the Arrhenius relationship. By combining fitted activation energies with theoretical analysis, we conclusively attribute these relaxation processes to β relaxation and α relaxation, respectively. Finally, we analyze the relaxation time spectra of two processes and establish a comprehensive picture linking dynamic relaxation with viscoelasticity. Our study provides new strategies for probing the complex relaxation behaviors of glasses from the perspective of viscoelasticity.

弛豫动力学对于玻璃材料等非平衡系统的结构演化至关重要，但仍然是个谜。在这里，我们探索了三种具有不同 β 弛豫行为的金属玻璃的弛豫动力学和粘弹性特性。在具有显着 β 弛豫的系统中，应力弛豫和蠕变实验揭示了随着温度升高从两步弛豫转变为一步弛豫。然而，这种现象在β弛豫较弱的系统中不存在。我们使用双 Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts 方程对两步弛豫过程进行建模，并且获得的弛豫时间优雅地遵循阿伦尼乌斯关系。通过将拟合的激活能与理论分析相结合，我们最终将这些弛豫过程分别归因于 β 弛豫和 α 弛豫。最后，我们分析了两个过程的弛豫时间谱，并建立了将动态弛豫与粘弹性联系起来的综合图景。我们的研究为从粘弹性的角度探讨眼镜复杂的松弛行为提供了新策略。