Endophytic fungi live asymptomatically inside vegetal tissues, and such uncommon habitat contributes to their exceptional chemical diversity. Isolating natural products from endophytic fungi could fail due to silent biosynthetic gene clusters under ordinary in vitro culture conditions, and co‐culturing has been assayed to trigger their metabolism. We carried out single and dual cultures with 13 endophyte strains isolated from Euphorbia umbellata leaves. Multivariate statistics applied to untargeted metabolomics compared the chemical profiles of all endophyte cultures. PCA analysis guided the selection of the Aspergillus pseudonomiae J1 ‐ Porogramme brasiliensis J9 dual culture for its most significant chemical differentiation: Five compounds were putatively annotated in the J1‐J9 culture according to UHPLC‐HRMS data, kojic acid, haliclonol and its diastereoisomer, caffeic acid, and 2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde. Analysis by PLS‐DA using VIP score showed that kojic acid displayed the most significative importance in discriminating single and dual J1‐J9 cultures.

中文翻译：

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非靶向代谢组学研究从大戟中分离出的双重内生菌培养物诱导的化学差异

内生真菌无症状地生活在植物组织内，这种不寻常的栖息地造就了它们特殊的化学多样性。在普通体外培养条件下，由于生物合成基因簇的沉默，从内生真菌中分离天然产物可能会失败，而共培养已被检测可触发其代谢。我们对从大戟叶中分离的 13 个内生菌菌株进行了单培养和双培养。应用于非目标代谢组学的多变量统计比较了所有内生菌培养物的化学特征。 PCA 分析指导了假性曲霉 J1 - Porogramme brasiliensis J9 双培养物的选择，因为其最显着的化学差异：根据 UHPLC-HRMS 数据，在 J1-J9 培养物中推定注释了五种化合物：曲酸、氟氯醇及其非对映异构体、咖啡酸酸和2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)乙醛。使用 VIP 评分进行 PLS-DA 分析表明，曲酸在区分单 J1-J9 培养物和双 J1-J9 培养物中表现出最显着的重要性。