Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are among the most prevalent foodborne parasitic and bacterial infections worldwide. However, the concurrent impact of coinfection on gastric pathology has yet to be studied in depth. The effect of coinfection generally either adds a synergetic or antagonistic impact; we aimed in the current work to assess the impact of T. gondii coinfection on the progression of H. pylori-associated gastric pathology and reporting H. pylori virulent strains. The study was conducted on 82 patients complaining of persistent gastrointestinal symptoms with failed treatment response and prone to endoscopy. They were subjected to stool examination to detect H. pylori antigen, serological screening for latent toxoplasmosis, endoscopy, histopathological examination, and molecular detection of H. pylori virulence strains in gastric biopsies. Out of the 82 patients, 62 patients were positive for H. pylori antigen in stool and 55 patients confirmed positivity by histopathology; out of them, 37 patients had isolated Vac As1 variants, 11 patients had combined Vac As1 and Cag A variants, and 7 patients had combined Vac As1, Cag A and VacAs2 variants. Patients with the combined two or three variances showed significantly deteriorated histopathological features than patients with a single Vac As1 variant (P < 0.05). Latent toxoplasmosis was positive among 35/82 patients. Combined H. pylori and Toxoplasma gondii infection had significantly marked inflammation than patients with isolated infection (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Screening for toxoplasmosis among H. pylori-infected patients is recommended as it is considered a potential risk factor for gastric inflammation severity. H. pylori gastric inflammation may be heightened by Toxoplasma coinfection.

中文翻译：

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幽门螺杆菌合并弓形虫感染对胃病理的影响

弓形虫 (T. gondii) 和幽门螺杆菌 (H. pylori) 是全球最常见的食源性寄生虫和细菌感染。然而，合并感染对胃病理学的同时影响仍有待深入研究。共感染的效果通常要么增加协同作用，要么增加拮抗作用；我们当前工作的目的是评估弓形虫合并感染对幽门螺杆菌相关胃病理进展的影响并报告幽门螺杆菌毒力菌株。该研究针对 82 名主诉持续胃肠道症状、治疗效果不佳且倾向于接受内窥镜检查的患者进行。对他们进行粪便检查以检测幽门螺杆菌抗原、潜伏性弓形体病血清学筛查、内窥镜检查、组织病理学检查以及胃活检中幽门螺杆菌毒力菌株的分子检测。 82名患者中，62名患者粪便中幽门螺杆菌抗原呈阳性，55名患者经组织病理学证实呈阳性；其中，37 名患者具有单独的 Vac As1 变异，11 名患者具有 Vac As1 和 Cag A 组合变异，7 名患者具有 Vac As1、Cag A 和 VacAs2 组合变异。与具有单一 Vac As1 变异的患者相比，具有两个或三个组合变异的患者表现出显着恶化的组织病理学特征（P < 0.05）。 35/82 例患者中潜伏性弓形虫病呈阳性。幽门螺杆菌和弓形虫合并感染患者的炎症反应较单独感染患者明显（P < 0.05）。结论：建议对幽门螺杆菌感染患者进行弓形虫病筛查，因为它被认为是胃部炎症严重程度的潜在危险因素。弓形虫合并感染可能会加剧幽门螺杆菌胃部炎症。