The present research had two aims. The first was to evaluate the effect of height and exposure on the vegetative response of olive canopies’ vertical axis studied through a multispectral sensor and on the qualitative and quantitative product characteristics. The second was to examine the relationship between multispectral data and productive characteristics. Six olive plants were sampled, and their canopy’s vertical axis was subdivided into four sectors based on two heights (Top and Low) and two exposures (West and East). A ground-vehicle-mounted multispectral proximal sensor (OptRx from AgLeader®) was used to investigate the different behaviours of the olive canopy vegetation index (VI) responses in each sector. A selective harvest was performed, in which each plant and sector were harvested separately. Product characterisation was conducted to investigate the response of the products (both olives and oils) in each sector. The results of Tukey’s test (p > 0.05) showed a significant effect of height for the VI responses, with the Low sector obtaining higher values than the Top sector. The olive product showed some height and exposure effect, particularly for the olives’ dimension and resistance to detachment, which was statistically higher in the upper part of the canopies. The regression studies highlighted some relationships between the VIs and product characteristics, particularly for resistance to detachments (R2 = 0.44–0.63), which can affect harvest management. In conclusion, the results showed the complexity of the olive canopies’ response to multispectral data collection, highlighting the need to study the vertical axis to assess the variability of the canopy itself. The relationship between multispectral data and product characteristics must be further investigated.

中文翻译：

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传统橄榄园多光谱植被指数响应的高度和暴露与产品特性的关系

目前的研究有两个目的。第一个是评估高度和暴露对通过多光谱传感器研究的橄榄树冠垂直轴的植物反应以及定性和定量产品特性的影响。第二个是检查多光谱数据与生产特征之间的关系。对六株橄榄植物进行了采样，其树冠的垂直轴根据两个高度（顶部和底部）和两个曝光度（西和东）细分为四个部分。使用地面车辆安装的多光谱近端传感器（AgLeader® 的 OptRx）来研究每个区域橄榄冠植被指数 (VI) 响应的不同行为。进行选择性收获，其中每个植物和部分单独收获。进行产品特性分析是为了调查每个部门的产品（橄榄和油）的反应。 Tukey 检验的结果 (p > 0.05) 显示高度对 VI 响应有显着影响，低区域比顶部区域获得更高的值。橄榄产品表现出一定的高度和暴露效应，特别是橄榄的尺寸和抗分离性，统计数据显示，在树冠上部，橄榄的尺寸和抗分离性较高。回归研究强调了 VI 和产品特性之间的一些关系，特别是抗脱离性 (R2 = 0.44–0.63)，这可能会影响收获管理。总之，结果显示了橄榄树冠对多光谱数据收集的响应的复杂性，强调需要研究垂直轴以评估树冠本身的变异性。多光谱数据与产品特性之间的关系必须进一步研究。