Conventional optical microscopes are only able to resolve objects down to a size of approximately 200 nm due to optical diffraction limits. The rapid development of nanotechnology has increased the demand for greater imaging resolution, with a need to break through those diffraction limits. Among super-resolution techniques, microsphere imaging has emerged as a strong contender, offering low cost, simple operation, and high resolution, especially in the fields of nanodevices, biomedicine, and semiconductors. However, this technology is still in its infancy, with an inadequate understanding of the underlying principles and the technology’s limited field of view. This paper comprehensively summarizes the status of current research, the advantages and disadvantages of the basic principles and methods of microsphere imaging, the materials and preparation processes, microsphere manipulation methods, and applications. The paper also summarizes future development trends.

中文翻译：

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微球超分辨率成像技术综述

由于光学衍射极限，传统光学显微镜只能分辨尺寸小至约 200 nm 的物体。纳米技术的快速发展增加了对更高成像分辨率的需求，需要突破这些衍射极限。在超分辨率技术中，微球成像因其成本低、操作简单、分辨率高而成为强有力的竞争者，特别是在纳米器件、生物医学和半导体领域。然而，这项技术仍处于起步阶段，对底层原理的理解还不够，技术视野也有限。本文全面总结了微球成像的研究现状、微球成像的基本原理和方法、材料和制备工艺、微球操控方法和应用的优缺点。论文还总结了未来的发展趋势。