Polylactic Acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer gaining popularity as a replacement for conventional plastics in different industrial sectors. However, PLA has inherent limitations and requires modifications to enhance its performance. This review article covers the different important aspects related to the PLA such as the synthesis route of PLA, biodegradation mechanism of PLA, properties of PLA, and applications of PLA in different sectors. The main focus of this review is to identify the different innovative copolymers, blends and composites of PLA for biomedical applications. Most important characteristics such as degradation behavior, biocompatibility and mechanical properties of these PLA-based biodegradable polymers were briefly discussed. This review indicates that the optimization of processing techniques and suitable selection of additives play an important role to achieve the desired properties of PLA. This review also discusses the issues associated to PLA-based materials for biomedical applications.

中文翻译：

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用于生物医学应用的PLA基可生物降解材料的综述

聚乳酸 (PLA) 是一种可生物降解的聚合物，作为传统塑料的替代品在不同工业领域越来越受欢迎。然而，PLA 具有固有的局限性，需要进行修改以增强其性能。本综述文章涵盖了与PLA相关的不同重要方面，例如PLA的合成路线、PLA的生物降解机制、PLA的性质以及PLA在不同领域的应用。本次综述的主要重点是确定用于生物医学应用的不同创新型 PLA 共聚物、共混物和复合材料。简要讨论了这些基于 PLA 的可生物降解聚合物的降解行为、生物相容性和机械性能等最重要的特性。该综述表明，加工技术的优化和添加剂的适当选择对于实现 PLA 的所需性能发挥着重要作用。本综述还讨论了与用于生物医学应用的 PLA 材料相关的问题。