As coal mining depth increases, the characteristics of “high ground stress, high ground temperature, high osmotic pressure, and mining disturbance” become increasingly pronounced, posing new challenges to the stability of the surrounding rock roadway. Amplitude is a key parameter affecting disturbance strength. A cyclic loading and unloading experiment was conducted under different amplitudes to explore the effect of metal circular tubes, used as energy-absorbing components, on the protection performance of anchor bolt tails. This experiment further revealed the competitive protection mechanism of the metal circular tube, termed “resistance - yielding”. The research results indicate that the metal tube incurs damage and accumulates it with the increase of loading amplitude in the pre-peak stage, leading to a decrease in its peak load. The metal tube absorbs external energy robustly through its elastic-plastic deformation. In the platform stage, a high amplitude load causes the peak load displacement to increase and its stable energy-absorbing stroke to decrease. Plastic energy dominates the main position of energy absorption, and the metal circular tube forms a dynamic competitive relationship of “resistance-yielding” with external stresses. Throughout the entire energy absorption process, the total energy absorption decreases with the increase of amplitude. The research results investigate the effect of amplitude on the performance of metal circular tubes and demonstrate the feasibility of applying metal circular tubes as energy-absorbing members at the end of anchor rods, which can provide theoretical guidance for the prevention of disaster accidents in mines caused by disturbances.

中文翻译：

---

不同加载幅值下金属圆管的性能及动态降阻机制

随着煤矿开采深度的增加，“高地应力、高地温、高渗透压、开采扰动”特征日益显现，对围岩巷道的稳定性提出了新的挑战。幅度是影响扰动强度的关键参数。通过不同振幅下的循环加卸载实验，探讨金属圆管作为吸能构件对锚栓尾部防护性能的影响。该实验进一步揭示了金属圆管的竞争保护机制，称为“抵抗-屈服”。研究结果表明，金属管在峰值前阶段随着载荷幅值的增大而产生损伤并不断累积，导致其峰值载荷下降。金属管通过其弹塑性变形强力吸收外部能量。在平台阶段，高振幅载荷导致峰值载荷位移增大，稳定吸能行程减小。塑性能量占据能量吸收的主要地位，金属圆管与外应力形成“抗-屈服”的动态竞争关系。纵观整个能量吸收过程，总能量吸收随着振幅的增加而减小。研究结果探讨了振幅对金属圆管性能的影响，论证了金属圆管作为锚杆端部吸能构件的可行性，可为预防矿山灾害事故提供理论指导。通过干扰。