3D printing concrete (3DPC) is susceptible to plastic deformation, for example, plastic shrinkage and plastic settlement, due to the absence of formwork. Monitoring and determining plastic deformation of 3DPC in large-scale construction remain challenging. In this study, we developed an analytical modeling method for predicting plastic deformation based on the creep behavior of 3DPC. A new creep model with high fitting accuracy was proposed for capturing creep characteristics over different resting time and applied stress level. Feasible acquisition of model parameters was achieved by correlating creep test results with UUCT (unconfined uniaxial compressive test) results. A multi-parameter modeling procedure based on superposition principle was then developed, and further validated by experimental results. This research may contribute to a better understanding and assessment of the plastic deformation of 3DPC in digital construction.

中文翻译：

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基于粘弹性蠕变行为理解 3D 打印混凝土的塑性变形并对其进行建模

由于没有模板，3D 打印混凝土 (3DPC) 容易发生塑性变形，例如塑性收缩和塑性沉降。监测和确定大型建筑中 3DPC 的塑性变形仍然具有挑战性。在本研究中，我们开发了一种基于 3DPC 蠕变行为预测塑性变形的分析建模方法。提出了一种具有高拟合精度的新蠕变模型，用于捕获不同静止时间和施加应力水平下的蠕变特性。通过将蠕变试验结果与 UUCT（无侧限单轴压缩试验）结果相关联，实现了模型参数的可行获取。随后开发了基于叠加原理的多参数建模程序，并通过实验结果进一步验证。这项研究可能有助于更好地理解和评估数字建筑中 3DPC 的塑性变形。