Amid the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as novel energy-harvesting devices, several studies have focused on direct current (DC) TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic devices. However, owing to the working mechanisms of conventional DC TENGs, generating a stable DC output from reciprocating motion remains a challenge. Accordingly, we propose a bidirectional rotating DC TENG (BiR-TENG), which can generate DC outputs, regardless of the direction of rotation, from reciprocating motions. The distinct design of the BiR-TENG enables the mechanical rectification of the alternating current output into a rotational-direction-dependent DC output. Furthermore, it allows the conversion of the rotational-direction-dependent DC output into a unidirectional DC output by adapting the configurations depending on the rotational direction. Owing to these tailored design strategies and subsequent optimizations, the BiR-TENG could generate an effective unidirectional DC output. Applications of the BiR-TENG for the reciprocating motions of swinging doors and waves were demonstrated by harnessing this output. This study demonstrates the potential of the BiR-TENG design strategy as an effective and versatile solution for energy harvesting from reciprocating motions, highlighting the suitability of DC outputs as an energy source for electronic devices. Highlights A mechanical rectification based direct-current triboelectric nanogenerator is developed. The system can generate a unidirectional output regardless of direction of rotation. A self-adaptive mechanical design is implemented. Applications for harvesting abundant ambient reciprocating motion are introduced.

中文翻译：

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用于收获往复运动的具有自适应机械开关的双向旋转直流摩擦纳米发电机

随着人们对摩擦纳米发电机 (TENG) 作为新型能量收集设备的兴趣日益浓厚，一些研究集中在直流 (DC) TENG 上，以产生稳定的直流输出来运行电子设备。然而，由于传统直流TENG的工作机制，通过往复运动产生稳定的直流输出仍然是一个挑战。因此，我们提出了一种双向旋转 DC TENG (BiR-TENG)，无论旋转方向如何，它都可以通过往复运动产生 DC 输出。 BiR-TENG 的独特设计能够将交流电输出机械整流为旋转方向相关的直流输出。此外，它还可以通过根据旋转方向调整配置，将与旋转方向相关的直流输出转换为单向直流输出。由于这些定制的设计策略和后续的优化，BiR-TENG 可以产生有效的单向直流输出。通过利用此输出，演示了 BiR-TENG 在平开门和波浪往复运动中的应用。这项研究展示了 BiR-TENG 设计策略作为一种有效且多功能的往复运动能量收集解决方案的潜力，强调了直流输出作为电子设备能源的适用性。亮点 开发了基于机械整流的直流摩擦纳米发电机。无论旋转方向如何，系统都可以生成单向输出。实现了自适应机械设计。介绍了收集丰富的环境往复运动的应用。