Background Through the use of sustainable and green chemistry concepts, scientists need to decrease waste, conserve energy, and develop safe substitutes for hazardous compounds, all for protecting and benefiting society and the environment. Objective Four novel eco-friendly ion selective electrodes (ISE) were created to determine Ethamsylate (ETM) in bulk powder and different pharmaceutical formulations. The present electrodes were fabricated and evaluated to clearly distinguish ETM from a variety of inorganic, organic ions, sugars, some common drug excipients and the degradation product, hydroquinone (HQ) of ETM, and thus could be used for stability-indicating methods. Methods The electrodes fabrication was based on 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) that was employed as a plasticizer in electrodes 1, 2, and 3 within a polymeric matrix of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) except for electrode 4, in which dibutyl sebacate was used as a plasticizer. Electrodes 1 & 2 were fabricated using tetra dodecyl ammonium bromide as an anionic exchanger and adding 4-sulfocalix-8-arene as an ionophore only to electrode 2, but electrode 1 prepared without incorporation of an ionophore. The fabrication of electrodes 3 & 4 was based on ethamsylate-tetraphenylborate (ETM-TPB) as an ion-association complex in a PVC matrix. The environmental sustainability was assessed using Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), and Analytical Greenness Metric for Sample Preparation (AGREEprep). Results Electrodes 1 & 2 had linear dynamic ranges of (10−1—10 −5) and (10−1—10 −4) respectively, with a Nernstian slope of 49.6 and 53.2 mV/decade, respectively. Electrodes 3 & 4 had linear dynamic ranges of (10−1—10 −4), with a Nernstian slope of 43.9 and 40.2 mV/decade, respectively. Conclusion The generated electrodes' selectivity coefficients showed good selectivity for ETM. The utility 4-sulfocalix-8-arene as ionophore had a significant influence on increasing the membrane sensitivity and selectivity of electrode 2 compared to other electrodes.

中文翻译：

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提高用于乙胺磺酸盐稳定性指示测量的环保电位离子选择电极的可持续性：在散装和药物制剂中的应用

背景 通过使用可持续和绿色化学概念，科学家需要减少浪费、节约能源并开发危险化合物的安全替代品，所有这些都是为了保护和造福社会和环境。目的 创建四种新型环保离子选择性电极 (ISE)，用于测定散装粉末和不同药物制剂中的乙胺磺酸盐 (ETM)。本电极的制作和评估能够清楚地将ETM与各种无机、有机离子、糖、一些常见的药物赋形剂以及ETM的降解产物对苯二酚（HQ）区分开来，因此可用于稳定性指示方法。方法 电极制造基于 2-硝基苯基辛基醚 (NPOE)，在聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 聚合物基质内的电极 1、2 和 3 中用作增塑剂，但电极 4 除外，其中使用了癸二酸二丁酯作为增塑剂。电极1和2是使用四十二烷基溴化铵作为阴离子交换剂并仅向电极2添加4-sulfocalix-8-芳烃作为离子载体来制造的，但电极1是在没有掺入离子载体的情况下制备的。电极 3 和 4 的制造基于作为 PVC 基质中的离子缔合络合物的乙磺酸四苯硼酸盐 (ETM-TPB)。使用绿色分析程序指数 (GAPI) 和样品制备分析绿色指标 (AGREEprep) 评估环境可持续性。结果电极1和2的线性动态范围分别为(10−1—10 −5) 和(10−1—10 −4)，能斯特斜率分别为49.6 和53.2 mV/十倍频程。电极3和4的线性动态范围为(10−1—10 -4)，能斯特斜率分别为43.9和40.2 mV/十倍频程。结论所生成的电极的选择性系数对ETM表现出良好的选择性。与其他电极相比，使用 4-sulfocalix-8-arene 作为离子载体对提高电极 2 的膜灵敏度和选择性具有显着影响。