Macroporous hydrogels offer physical supportive spaces and bio-instructive environment for the seeded cells, where cell-scaffold interactions directly influence cell fates and subsequently affect tissue regeneration post-implantation. Effectively modifying bioactive motifs at the inner pore surface provides appropriate niches for cell-scaffold interactions. A molecular imprinting method and sacrificial templates are introduced to prepare inner pore surface modification in the macroporous hydrogels. In detail, acrylated bisphosphonates (Ac-BPs) chelating to templates (CaCO₃ particles) are anchored on the inner pore surface of the methacrylated gelatin (GelMA)-methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA)-poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) macroporous hydrogel (GHP) to form a functional hydrogel scaffold (GHP-int-BP). GHP-int-BP, but not GHP, effectively crafts artificial cell niches to substantially alter cell fates, including osteogenic induction and osteoclastic inhibition, and promote in situ bone regeneration. These findings highlight that molecular imprinting on the inner pore surface in the hydrogel efficiently creates orthogonally additive bio-instructive scaffolds for bone regeneration.

中文翻译：

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分子印迹大孔水凝胶通过成骨诱导和破骨抑制促进骨再生

大孔水凝胶为种子细胞提供物理支持空间和生物指导环境，其中细胞支架相互作用直接影响细胞命运，进而影响植入后的组织再生。有效修饰内孔表面的生物活性基序为细胞-支架相互作用提供了适当的利基。引入分子印迹方法和牺牲模板来制备大孔水凝胶的内孔表面修饰。具体来说，与模板（CaCO ₃颗粒）螯合的丙烯酸酯双膦酸盐（Ac-BP）锚定在甲基丙烯酸明胶（GelMA）-甲基丙烯酸透明质酸（HAMA）-聚（乙二醇）二丙烯酸酯（PEGDA）大孔的内孔表面上。水凝胶（GHP）形成功能性水凝胶支架（GHP- int -BP）。 GHP- int -BP（而非 GHP）能够有效地构建人工细胞生态位，从而显着改变细胞命运，包括成骨诱导和破骨细胞抑制，并促进原位骨再生。这些发现强调，水凝胶内孔表面上的分子印记有效地创建了用于骨再生的正交相加生物指导支架。