Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) plays a critical role in creating Thermal Resilient Communities (TRCs) by mitigating the adverse climate change impacts and enhancing thermal resilience. In this paper, we consider a range of UGI types, from street trees, urban parks, green spaces, and building-integrated UGI components, such as green roofs and green walls. It is intended that the thermal/aerodynamic effects of UGI be analyzed and the influence of UGI at three spatial scales within urban communities be provided; more specifically: microclimate scale, building scale, and individual scale. The study discusses the findings of 218 papers published since 2010 to elaborate on recent progress in this field. This review delves into three fundamental aspects related to UGI: a) the underlying mechanisms allowing UGI to affect the environment and human health, b) the modeling efforts undertaken to simulate these effects, and c) measurement studies providing empirical data and verifying the models. Additionally, the effects of UGI across the three scales and related aspects are discussed, and the importance of integrative mechanisms and coupled modeling approaches is emphasized. Key methodologies for integrating microclimate and building simulations are summarized, highlighting the data exchange protocols and software tools. In contrast to previous reviews, this study has analyzed major measurement studies, categorizing them into full-scale and sub-scale studies. As a conclusion, several potential directions for future research are identified, including advanced physical and data driven UGI models, enhanced coupled simulations for indoor-outdoor interactions, establishment of measurement datasets for benchmarking both UGI modeling and coupled simulations.

中文翻译：

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热弹性社区城市绿色基础设施研究的最新综述

城市绿色基础设施（UGI）通过减轻气候变化的不利影响和增强热弹性，在创建热弹性社区（TRC）方面发挥着关键作用。在本文中，我们考虑了一系列 UGI 类型，包括行道树、城市公园、绿地和建筑一体化 UGI 组件，例如绿色屋顶和绿色墙壁。旨在分析 UGI 的热/空气动力效应，并提供 UGI 在城市社区内三个空间尺度上的影响；更具体地说：小气候尺度、建筑尺度和个体尺度。该研究讨论了 2010 年以来发表的 218 篇论文的研究结果，详细阐述了该领域的最新进展。本综述深入探讨了与 UGI 相关的三个基本方面：a）允许 UGI 影响环境和人类健康的基本机制，b）为模拟这些影响而进行的建模工作，以及 c）提供经验数据并验证模型的测量研究。此外，还讨论了 UGI 在三个尺度和相关方面的影响，并强调了整合机制和耦合建模方法的重要性。总结了集成微气候和建筑模拟的关键方法，重点介绍了数据交换协议和软件工具。与之前的评论相比，本研究分析了主要的测量研究，将其分为全尺度研究和小尺度研究。总之，确定了未来研究的几个潜在方向，包括先进的物理和数据驱动的 UGI 模型、增强的室内外交互耦合模拟、建立用于对 UGI 建模和耦合模拟进行基准测试的测量数据集。