Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) with bipolar features have garnered significant attentions in energy storage systems. Further, the integration of p-type active sites into CTFs is highly desirable. Herein, we integrated p-type phenazine into CTFs (PZ-CTF) to generate dual active centers with ion co-storage mechanism. Interestingly, the application of PZ-CTF as the cathode material in various battery systems was demonstrated. In lithium-based dual-ion batteries (LDIBs) with liquid electrolyte, PZ-CTF can show high discharge specific capacity (190.8 mAh g at 200 mA g) and excellent rate capability (92.8 mAh g at 3000 mA g). In quasi-solid-state LDIBs, PZ-CTF can possess high discharge specific capacity (187.5 mAh g at 200 mA g) and long-cycle stability (at 500 mA g over 1000 cycles). In addition, in graphite-based DIBs (GDIBs), PZ-CTF also shows considerable electrochemical properties. Moreover, the continuous co-storage mechanism of PF and Li in PZ-CTF was confirmed by the theoretical calculations and spectral characterizations. This work opens a new avenue for integrating multi-polar organic electrode materials with multiple reaction mechanisms for the application of various battery systems.

中文翻译：

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将p型吩嗪集成到共价三嗪骨架中实现准固态双离子电池阳离子和阴离子的共存储

具有双极性特征的共价三嗪骨架（CTF）在储能系统中引起了广泛关注。此外，将 p 型活性位点集成到 CTF 中是非常理想的。在此，我们将p型吩嗪集成到CTF（PZ-CTF）中，以产生具有离子共存储机制的双活性中心。有趣的是，展示了PZ-CTF作为正极材料在各种电池系统中的应用。在采用液体电解质的锂基双离子电池（LDIB）中，PZ-CTF可以表现出高放电比容量（200 mA g-1时为190.8 mAh g-1）和优异的倍率性能（3000 mA g-1时为92.8 mAh g-1）。在准固态LDIB中，PZ-CTF具有高放电比容量（200 mA g-1时为187.5 mAh g-1）和长循环稳定性（500 mA g-1时超过1000次循环）。此外，在石墨基DIB（GDIB）中，PZ-CTF还表现出相当可观的电化学性能。此外，理论计算和光谱表征证实了PF和Li在PZ-CTF中的连续共存储机制。这项工作为将多极性有机电极材料与多种反应机制集成到各种电池系统的应用开辟了新途径。